英语论文网

ntify the starting point of the writer’s argument - usually this will be found in the first or second paragraph. (2) Remember that English follow rules of grammar. By understanding the rules that govern speech，the reader can eliminate some false conclusions and gain a better understanding of what is being said. (3) See if the reader can detect any assumptions the writer has made, or the start of a particular method of argument. (4) Identify important, or central, ideas (or any stated principles) in paragraphs as the reader reads them. (If there is more than one, try to work out which is the most important or central); (5) Evaluate the evidence that has been presented in support of ideas or principles, and decide whether the evidence is relevant, persuasive, and convincing; (6) Assess whether the conclusions are justified on the basis of the evidence that has been presented. After the reader has read carefully through the English text in full, as suggested above, make some brief notes on: (1) the understanding of the English text; (2) the preliminary response to the ideas and arguments that have been presented. In the process of reading an English essay, the college students should try to read without stopping when meeting unfamiliar words and phrases. The college students can underline the new words and look them up in a dictionary after finishing. If reading is often interrupted, the college students will find that it is very difficult to create an understanding of a whole text. Generally speaking, reading interruption has the opposite effect and even causes the reading to be fragmented. If the college students keep stopping, it might be difficult to create an overview of an article and to remember what they have read. “Actually, guessing the meaning based on the context is a better or more rewarding way. The reader can guess the meaning since any sentence; paragraph or even the whole passage is a unity.”[7] The meaning guessing strategy has been proved more effective than stopping the reader’s reading to look up individual words. When the college students try to figure out a word's meaning from the context, they can answer the following questions. What does the close meaning of the word? What is the function of the word in the sentence? Is the word nonsensical in the sentence? By decoding the meaning of words in context, the college students are more likely to increase their reading speed, comprehension, and vocabulary. The college students can also guess the meaning of words through the cause and effect relation. “Cause and effect relation is a common and logic relation that can provide us with the information of the meaning of the new words. A certain cause must lead to a certain effect and a certain result must be caused by a certain cause.” [8] During the process of reading, the college students may find some symbol words for the relation, such as because, as, since, therefore, as a result, etc. These words will help the college students to grasp the whole idea of the essay. 3.3.3 Reflection Interacting with a piece of English reading material includes responding to the content of what the reader is reading. So while reading, the college students should not accept passively what an author says. Instead, they should ask questions, argue, comment, and match their experience and what they know against what the author is talking about. They should think about what they have read for a f