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p;    Is it a throbbing or dull pain?
     Does the pain keep you awake?
     What brings on the pain - - hot, cold, sweet, biting?
     Have you had pain in the past or is this the first time?
     What treatment have you received for pain?
     Do your gums ever bleed?
     When you brush your teeth?
     When you eat hard food?
     Did your gums bleed in the past?
     What treatment did you receive?
     Do any of your teeth feel loose?
     Have you always had that space between your front teeth?
     Have you had any swelling in your mouth? Where, when, etc.?
    
     Dental history
     Do you go to the dentist regularly?
     What was the last treatment you received?
     When did you last have a scaling, i. e. Cleaning by your dentist?
     Do you have any dentures (false teeth that you can take out) - - how long have you had them?
     Have you any false teeth that are fixed in - - how long have you had them?
     At this stage questioning about home care can be a waste of time.
     Answers to such questions as ‘How often do you clean your teeth?”are often suspect, as the patient is likely to say what he imagines he is supposed to say, i.e. twice a day, night and morning. Even if this happens to be the truth, it gives no indication of the quality of the performance; only an examination of the mouth provides information about that.
     At this time, some idea about habits should be gleaned, e.g. smoking, clenching, and night grinding, and biting pencils and so on.

     Medical history
     Although a medical history may not seem relevant to some patients, it is essential to obtain one for a number of reasons:
     l. The patient may be suffering from some condition, e.g. Cardiovascular disease, renal disease, etc., which win require special precautions and/or modification of the treatment and will necessitate communication with the patient’s physician.
     2. Systemic conditions, e.g. Pregnancy, diabetes, win alter the way in which the periodontal tissues behave and may demand medical attention before periodontal treatment can be carried out.
     3. The mouth may be the site of some manifestation of a systemic condition, e. g. Anaemia, which could affect any periodontal treatment.
     4. The patient may be receiving medication, e. G. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors for depression, which may connect with medication involved in the periodontal treatment, e.g. General anaesthetics.
     A medical history should record any present illness and medication; any past serious illness and medication, e.g. Steroids taken in the recent past, allergies, especially any history of penicillin sensitivity, abnormal bleeding tendencies, in particular excessive bleeding after injury or tooth extraction.
     The use of a questionnaire may be hel本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。