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摘要：“存在”这个概念在任何一种语言中都是一种非常重要的概念。汉语语言学界和日语语言学界都十分关注存在句，已经分别从共时和历时层面对存在句的结构、语义、语用等方面进行了较为深入的研究。本文的研究目的是通过汉日存在句的比较研究来找出日本学生学习汉语存在句的困难点和偏误点，从而找出教学对策。在对比分析时，有关汉语存在句的研究成果主要参考了王建军（2003）等学者的观点，有关日语存在句的研究成果则主要参考金水敏（2006）、于康（2006）等学者的观点。

Japanese Existential Sentences Abstract

“Existence” is a very important concept in any language. Chinese and Japaneselinguists all pay great attention on existential sentences, and there have been a great deal ofstudies on the structural, semantic and pragmatic features of existential sentences fromsynchronic and diachronic perspectives.The aim of this thesis is to find out the difficulties and common errors when Japanesestudents learn Chinese existential sentences and to give the teaching methods bycomparison. When doing this, the Chinese former studies in this thesis mainly refer toWang Jianjun (2003) and the Japanese ones mainly refer to Kinsui Satoshi (2006), YuKang (2006), etc.The corpus is mostly from the Japanese-Chinese version of “Kouya Hijiri”,“Yukiguni”, “Bocchan”, and the comparison is primarily from the structural and semanticperspectives. The content is as follows.(1) To introduce the differences of study history of existential sentences in Chineseand Japanese: while the Chinese linguists emphasize the structural study from an earlyperiod, the Japanese linguists emphasize the meaning part till nowadays.(2) To present the Japanese existential sentence structure as “A(space ortime)+C(thing or human being that exists)+B(existential verb)”.(3) To compare the Chinese “you” sentence and Japanese “aru” “iru” sentence, theChinese “shi” sentence and Japanese copula sentence, the Chinese and Japanesestatic/dynamic existential sentences from structural and semantic perspectives.(4) To give advices on how to teach Chinese existential sentences to Japanese studentsaccording to the similarities and differences of Chinese and Japanese existential sentences.

第二章汉语存在句和日语..................................... 11-20
    2.1 汉语存在句的研究..................................... 11-12
    2.2 日语存在句的研究..................................... 12-14
    2.3 汉语存在句与日语..................................... 14-20
第三章汉日简单存在句的..................................... 20-37
    3.1 汉语“有”字存在..................................... 20-22
    3.2 汉语“是”字存在..................................... 22-23
    3.3 日语“aru”“iru”存..................................... 23-31
        3.3.1 “aru”“iru”存..................................... 26-29
        3.3.2 “aru”“iru”存在..................................... 29
        3.3.3 “aru”“iru”存在..................................... 29-31
    3.4 日语系词存在句分..................................... 31-34
        3.4.1 日语系词存..................................... 31-32
        3.4.2 日语系词存..................................... 32-33
        3.4.3 日语系词存..................................... 33-34
    3.5 汉日简单存在句异..................................... 34-36
　　3.6 小结 ..................................... 36-37
　　　　

结语
　　
　　本文通过研究第一手的语料，分别从结构和语义等方面对汉语存在句与日语存在句进行了比较研究。本文完成的主要工作以及获得的大致结论如下：
（1）介绍分析了汉语存在句和日语存在句的研究传统上的区别，汉语很早就从形式上确定了汉语本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。