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sp;communicative  problems  occurring  in  listening, speaking  and  comprehension  in  conversation  and  other  sort  of  interactional communication. Heeman and Allen (1994) claims that conversation repair belongs to continual speech, needing removing out some certain words from the speaker so as to correctly figure out the real meaning of him or her. Fox, Hayashi and Jasperson (1995) points  out  that  whenever  a  certain  ongoing  utterance  is  halted  in  a  way,  and  then suspended, adapted or produced again, the repair occurs. Weber’s (1993) opinion on repair is of much similarity to that of Schegloff’s in that he thinks that repair refers to the  effort  made  by  communicative  participants  to  cope  with  these  difficulties occurring  in  speaking,  listening  and  comprehending  (quoted  from  Hosoda  2006).  Li Yue’e  (1996)  discusses  that  no  matter  what  kind  of  conversation  it  may  be,  it  is doomed  to  confront  this  or  that  kind  of  problems  or  obstacle,  to  which  repair  is  the only solution to sustain and to protest the continuity of the interactional conversation. Yi Qiang (2002) thinks that repair is an operational activity adopted by people when they  offer  the  right  answers  or  solutions  to  dispose  of  the  problems  and  troubles  in listening, speaking and comprehension in ordinary conversation. 

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2.2 Previous Studies of Repair 
This  section  reviews  the  previous  studies  of  repair.  It  starts  with  the developmental  process  of  the  study  of  repair  and  the  multi–aspect  studies  of  repair itself. Next it reviews the approaches to repair. Then what follows is the discussion of the limitations of the previous studies. In the end, the perspective of the present study is drawn forth.Studies of repair can date back to as early as in 1970s, when Sacks et al.(1974) firstly  touched  upon  the  discussion  and  analysis  of  repair  in  natural  language, proposing that the use of repair in natural communication is obvious. They argue that the  use  of  repair  can  not  only  tackle  the  problems  or  obstacles  occurring  in  the process  of  conversational  communication  between  the  speaker  and  the  hearer,  but also  is  subject  to  the  constant  changing  of  the  turn  taking.  Then  later  on,  Schegloff, Jefferson  and  Sacks  (1977)  collaboratively  published  the  paper  The  PReference  for Self–correction  in  the  Organization  of  Repair  in  Conversation  in  Language,  which, officially &nb本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。