摘要:经济增长和就业在欧盟和的核心是里斯本战略,其主要目标是使欧洲成为最有竞争力的和有活力的知识型经济在世界上,中小型企业作出重大贡献 。 然而,中小型企业能力的增长取决于其潜在的高投资在结构调整,创新和资格,所有这些投资需要资金,在此背景下的一贯反复投诉的中小企业的问题就在于获得融资,这是一个高度相关的约束,关乎欧洲经济复苏。变化的影响 ,金融部门的行为 ,信贷机构对工艺品,贸易和中小企业。
ord to their specific needs when implementing it into EU law. Some of them will have important effects on the costs and the accessibility of finance for SMEs.
UEAPME expects therefore from the new European Commission and the new European Parliament:
• The implementation of the new Capital Requirement Directive will be costly for the Finance Sector (up to 30 Billion Euro till 2006) and its clients will have to pay for it. Therefore, the implementation – especially for smaller banks, which are often very active in SME finance – has to be carried out with as little administrative burdensome as possible (reporting obligations,
statistics, etc.).
• The European Regulators must recognize traditional instruments for collaterals (guarantees, etc.) as far as possible.
• The European Commission and later the Member States should take over the recommendations from the European Parliament with regard to granularity, access to retail portfolio, maturity, partial use, adaptation of thresholds, etc., which will ease the burden on SME finance.
2. SMEs need transparent rating procedures
Due to higher risk awareness of the finance sector and the needs of Basel II, many SMEs will be confronted for the first time with internal rating procedures or credit scoring systems by their banks. The bank will require more and better quality information from their clients and will assess them in a new way. Both up-coming developments are already causing increasing uncertainty amongst SMEs.
In order to reduce this uncertainty and to allow SMEs to understand the principles of the new risk assessment, UEAPME demands transparent rating procedures – rating procedures may not become a “Black Box” for SMEs:
• The bank should communicate the relevant criteria affecting the rating of SMEs.
• The bank should inform SMEs about its assessment in order to allow SMEs to improve.
The negotiations on a European Code of Conduct between Banks and SMEs , which would have included a self-commitment for transparent rating procedures by Banks, failed. Therefore, UEAPME expects from the new European Commission and the new European Parliament support for:
• binding rules in the framework of the new Capital Adequacy Directive, which ensure the transparency of rating procedures and credit scoring systems for SMEs;
• Elaboration of national Codes of Conduct in order to improve the relations between Banks and SMEs and to support the adaptation of SMEs to the new financial environment.
3. SMEs need an extension of credit guarantee systems with a special focus on Micro-Lending
Business start-ups, the transfer of businesses and innovative fast growth SMEs also depended in the past very often on public support to get access to finance. Increasing risk awareness by banks and the stricter interpretation of State Aid Rules will further increase the need for public support.
Already now, there are credit guarantee schemes in many countries on the limit of their capacity and too many investment projects cannot be realized by SMEs.
Experiences show that Public money, spent for supporting credit guarantees systems, is a very efficient instrument and has a much higher multiplying effect than other instruments. One Euro form th
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