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本文是对考古学应用中探地雷达（GPR）各个方面的总结和综述。第一部分介绍和解释了与GPR相关的关键物理原理和参数。在接下来的部分中，介绍了GPR技术建模的优点和可能的应用范围。最后，结合当前的实际情况，对该技术的未来发展进行了预测。
This article serves as a summary and overview of the various aspects of ground-penetrating radar (GPR) in archaeological applications. In the first section, key physical principlesand parameters related to GPR are introduced and explained. In the next section, the advantages of modeling with the GPR technique are presentedwith therangeofpossibleapplications. Finally, some predictions on the future development of this technique are given based on the current circumstances.

首先介绍了一些与GPR有关的物理原理和参数。 GPR是一种可以提供高分辨率3D信息的方法。在这种方法中，电磁（EM）波由脉冲地理雷达系统发射;测量波从表面到界面再返回的时间，作为信号测量。由于电磁波服从麦克斯韦定律，电磁波在地面传播的速度可以用光速（c）和介质的相对介电常数（εr）来描述，这是大多数情况下的土壤数据。相对介电常数是土壤的关键参数之一，并且与深度有关。其他重要的影响包括反射强度衰减和信号衰减。由于这些效应，GPR只能产生地下的扭曲图像。因此，数据需要处理。Firstly, some key physical principles and parameters related to GPR are introduced. GPR is a methodthat can provide high-resolution 3D information. In this method, electromagnetic (EM) waves are emitted by pulse geo-radar systems; the time for the waves to travelfrom the surface to an interface and back againis measured as the signal. As the EM waves obey Maxwell’s laws, the velocity of the EM waves travelingudnerground can be described with the speed of light (c) and the relative dielectric constant of the medium (ε_r), which is soil in most cases. The relative dielectric constant is one of the key parameters of the soil and it is depth-dependent. Other important effects include reflection strength decay and signal attenuation. Owing to these effects, GPR can only generatea distorted image of the subsurface. Therefore, the data need to be processed.

Nowadays, great advancements in computing power have enabled the modeling of traces, profiles, and even complete surveys. Modeling using GPR is considered a technique of great significance in archaeology.In virtue of its high resolution and insensitivity to surrounding disturbances, GPR can obtain fine details that cannot be achieved by other prospection methods. For instance, good results have been achieved by GPR on various Roman settlements. Indeed, the use of GPR can be extended to pre-historic periods and GRP is an excellent method for detection of archaeological sediments in shadow waters. Compared with acoustic systems, GPR seems to provide better results.

Most likely, GPR will continue to see rapid development and anincrease inapplications with the spread of the necessaryknowledge of this technique, in virtue of the improved antennae, faster A/D converters and more powerful data processing techniques. For instance, theapplicationof GRP in detection of the extentof the archaeological layers cover on freshwater lakes is of greatpotential.

In conclusion, GPR is a powerful geophysical prospection method with a variety of applications in archaeology. Advantages included the high resolution for theupper most few meters and the capability torecord 3D information belowground. GPR has seen great developmentsince the first boom in the 1980s, and there is stilla great potential for further developments. In my opinion, GPR is such as an advanced and powerful technique that there must be some potential applications in civil engineering, to本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。