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摘要：语境寓义是语境蕴蓄的客观结果和语义兼容的潜在方式，语符换改时寓义发掘的常见类别主要有关联寓义、修辞寓义、感知寓义、时体寓义、情节寓义、言外寓义、引申寓义、接述寓义等；发掘语篇深层结构的语境寓义，能更充分地传述原文语义和更本质地还原原作语境。
语境是一个语义全体，其详细状态、对于象、机遇、场所等要素是语用没有可宰割的一全体。语境对于语义的制约及阐释性能既作用到谬说者的语义讲解，又反应到接受者的语义解构；同声语境还可经过本身的特别作用将定然的语义寓于定然的情状之中，从而形成语境寓义。语境寓义的隐匿，是语境蕴蓄的主观后果，也是语义兼容的潜正在形式。从语义塾和译者学立场观照，语境寓义的生成，还常常与言语保守、翻译格调、思想弹性和释说形式等休戚有关。语符换改良程中寓义的挖掘与标现，是语境复原没有可或者缺的转换方略，更能为译者理论经历的积攒需要新鲜的例证。于是，讨论移译时寓义发掘的转换种类、转换根据及转换技巧，对于英汉言语构造、言语论理、言语修辞、言语翻译的比照钻研，也能宽阔认知的视界。
一、联系寓义的挖掘联系寓义是指语篇深层构造所包孕的语势上的涵义。联系寓义的挖掘次要触及抒发满意联向形联的揣度与调理，以促迫语感的接受。如： 1．Through want of it she had sung without being merry ,possessed without enjoying, outshone without triumphing. Her loneliness deeped her desire. On Egdon, coldest and meanest kisses were at famine prices; and where was a mouth matching hers to be found ? (T.Hardy , The Return of the Native) 由于没有恋情，她演奏，却愉快乐；她占有，却没有能享受；她排场照人，却没有春风自得。她的孤单加剧了她的愿望。正在埃格敦高原，即使最疏远、最尊贵的亲吻，都标记着歉年的低价，那样，上哪儿能找出和她相称的双唇呢？ 2.Tipsy from the beers, his spirits charged from the music and the few moments spent in the company of gents he had known all his life, he would walk crisply home, speaking to all he met.(E.Cleaver, The Flashlight) 多少杯啤酒下肚有些微醉，听了音乐物质激昂兴起，和多少位平生的一面之交闲谈了不一会儿，他此外得意回家了，路上没有管碰到谁都要交谈多少句。[1]
二、修辞寓义的挖掘修辞寓义是教正在表意手法下游离述说名义的内含上的喻意。修辞寓义的挖掘次要触及抒发中语境喻体由无形向无形的展露与明示，以差遣颜色的叠合。如： 1.That was a neat way of something a man’ s vanity and yet keeping him on the string, and Charles rose to it as though such bait were new and he the first to swallow it. (M.Mitchell, Gong With the Wind ) 这多少句话的用语无比世故，一范围即可没有叫对于方失体面，一范围又一刀两断，没有至于立即决绝。此外查理就做了一个未曾见解过香饵的鱼儿，竟浮下去将它一口吞上去了。 2.The moon seemed to sink, a crest reached and lost, and he watched it, catching the edge against the window, to try to hold it but feel it pass. (R.Creeley) 太阳好象沉落上去，碰到了一座山头，又消失了。他凝注着太阳，用手触摸着映正在窗上的那光边，试验能把它攥住，然而主张从他指头缝流走了。[2]
三、感知寓义的挖掘感知寓义是指语篇深层构造所暗承的心思上的同感意思。感知寓义的挖掘次要触及感应范围宾主体的融会和感知事状的敷陈，以渲染临境的意境。如： 1.Certain sounds from without revealed that the town was in festivity, though little of the festival, whatever it might have been, could be seen here. Bells began to ring, and the notes came into the room through the open window, and traveled round Jude’ s head in a hum.（T.Hardy, Jude the Obscure）听里面传来的那种声响，就能够晓得，某个乡村正在那儿逢年过节，悲哀的境况正在这儿却看没有见。只听到钟音响兴起，铿锵地由开着的窗户传到屋里，正在裘德的耳旁嗡翁地盘旋。 2.She regretted it at once, because he looked that powerless in his invalid chair, and his forehead felt cold and sweaty. ( P.White ) 为这事她当即就悔恨了，看他坐正在伤残人用的轮椅上显示那样瘫软，脑门儿上让人主张凉飕飕汗漉漉的。
四、时体寓义的挖掘时体寓义是指语篇深层构造所涵括的时体联系上的写真意思。时体寓义的挖掘次要经过译语计时语词的补说来提醒语义间的先后温差，以催促历时的表征。如： 1.The eloquent voice, on which the sounds of the listening audience had been borne aloft as on the swelling waves of the sea , at length came to a pause . There was a momentary silence, profound as what should follow the utterance of oracles. ( N.Hawthorne,The Scarlet Letter ) 那娓娓悦耳的声响终究停了上去，观众的灵魂没有断乘着这声响崎岖升腾，犹如正在海本论文由英语论文网 www.51lunwen.org整理提供洋澎湃的浪滔上翻腾。那时涌现了顷刻的静穆，好像宣布神谕以后那般深厚。 2.I have had the joy of two beautiful and wonderful wives, the happiness of parenthood and the love of eight children. (Why Measure Life in Heart Beats?) 我有幸先后失掉两位漂亮贤惠的妻子带来的幸运，经验过为人之父的生趣和八个儿女的爱。[3]
五、内容寓义的挖掘内容寓义是指因言语方式本身的趋简或者语境的孕育而匿伏的情形环节上的意思。内容寓义的挖掘次要经过思想的推求而归纳出那种意境或者场景并予以点破，以帮扶语义的桥接。如： 1.He had taken a dreary road, darkened