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anslation 
In the course of annotation work, long English sentences popped up as the most frequent and difficult  problem.  Parsing  long  sentences  and  assembling  those  separated  clauses  are time-consuming.  Therefore,  it  is  necessary  to  collect  other  researches  of  long  English sentences  translation  and  work  out  more  practical  translation  techniques  to  make  the annotation work more efficient and effective. The  translation  of  the  long  sentence  is  perhaps  the  most  difficult  of  all  in  the  process  of English-Chinese translation (许建平，2003). The English sentence is extremely plastic. It can be enlarged, combined, adjusted with almost any degree of fitness to accommodate a writer’s thought. In other words, English sentences are mainly in an architecture style. It has complete syntactic structure (连淑能，2010:90). As for the Chinese, we can say Chinese tend to express their  thoughts  in  a  chronicle  style,  they  usually  streamline  the  thoughts,  which  limits  the length of the sentence. According to the statistics, the optimal number of words of a Chinese sentence  is  from  4  to  12  (连淑能，2010:93).  However,  the  average  number  of  words  of common  English  sentences  wrote  by  professional  writer  is  20  (Robins,  1980:147)  and  by people  who  received  education  is  25  (Cheney,  1982:163).  That  means,  although  modern English sentences are no longer as long as the sentences in the Elizabeth era, long sentence is still  a  common  language  phenomenon  in  English,  while  in  Chinese,  people  prefer  shorter sentences.  
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2.2 The Research of “Which”
Early  in  1904,  Charles  Talbut  Onions’  book  An  Advanced  English  Syntax  had  presented  the main  facts  of  current  English  syntax  in  a  systematic  form.  In  the  book,  he  summarized  that “which” is a pronoun and adjective that refer to both persons and things (Onions, 1904:138). Besides,  as  a  relative  pronouns,  “which”  is  always  equivalent  to  and  (or  but),  this  (or  that), and these equivalents are now usually preferred as a matter of style (Onions, 1904:139). Long provided  a  more  comprehensive  usage  of  “which”  in  his  book  The  Sentence  and  Its  Parts. However,  his  seven  different  usages  and  a  plenty  of  examples  listed  in  the  book  illustrated that  “Which”  is  used  as  a  determiner  or  a  determiner  modifier,  or  it  can  be  used  in subordinate-interrogative cl本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。