英语论文网

Forum for Critical Inquiry
标准需求的论坛
Referencing – a full guide
参考-全面的指导

 Almost  all  scholarly  essays  are  dependent  on  other  people's  work,  based  on material derived  from  published  books,  magazine  and  journal  articles,  television  programmes, Internet  sources  and  so  on.  In  order  for  us  to  appreciate  what you want  to  say,  the relationship  between  your  reading  and  what  you  eventually  write  as  your  own contribution  to  scholarship  is  accordingly  very  important,  and  a  number  of  procedures must  be  followed  in  order  to  ensure  that  we  follow  your  ideas.
几乎全部的学术论文都依靠其他人的工作，根据已经发表的书、杂志和期刊论文、电报以及网络资源等上面的材料，为了能够表达我们想说的内容，在你的阅读和你自己希望写的内容之间的关系是非常重要的，你必须遵循以下一些方面的建议从而能够更好地表达你自己。

These  procedures  are called the 'critical apparatus', and consist of quotations, citations, footnotes or endnotes, and bibliography. These  must  be  consistent throughout  your  work,  and  should follow  a recognized  system.  The  Department  recommends  two  systems  –  the  MHRA (“footnote/endnote”) and the Harvard (“Author date method”) systems – and  you  can choose which system you prefer.  However, you must use ONE system throughout.  Full guidelines are given in this section. 
 
These  Reference  guidelines  can  be  confusing,  but  are  academic  standards,  and  books and  journals  that  you  will  look  at will  each use  one  of  these  systems  or  similar. When you  look  at  these,  you  can  see  easily  how  these  systems  work – especially  in  guiding you to other books and articles.
 
You can see the “footnote/endnote” method in journals such as October,  and Screen, and in books such as John Walker’s Design History and the History of Design, or Lucy Lippard’s Pop Art. 
 
You can see the “Author date” method in journals such as Fashion  Theory, Journal  of Consumer  Culture, and in books such as Chris Barker’s Cultural  Studies:  Theory  and Practice, or Liz Wells’ ed. Photography: A Critical Introduction.
 
At  all  times,  the minimum  requirement  of  any  essay  is  that  the  reader  should  be able to follow your reading, quotations, references or citations to their source and to understand and appreciate your argument.
 
Bibliography
All written work submitted in FoCI should be accompanied by a bibliography, which acts as a list of sources consulted including books, articles,  newspapers, Internet sites, and films or television programmes.
 
The  bibliography  should  be  in alphabetical order by author’s/editor’s surname. The bibliogra本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。