英语论文网

Index and Medical English teaching and learning
【Key words】concordance; corpus; medical English teaching

1.Introduction
1.1The definition of concordance
A concordance is "an alphabetical arrangement of the principal words contained in a book, with citations of the passages in which they occur"[2]. The first concordance was made in the late 12th or early 13th Century as a means of marshalling evidence from the Bible for teaching and preaching, and concordances for works of secular literature followed much later.
Until the advent of a computer, concordances were made slowly and laboriously by hand. The physical restrictions of the printed book meant that the concordance tended to be very bulky, its form was fixed and numerous features had to be decided by the editor once for all time.
Since the electronic concordance generator produces its output on demand and, within the limitations of the software, can adapt this output to the needs of the moment, it tends to serve the purposes of research much better than its printed analogue.
A concordance is a list of all the words, or a certain word, used in a text or a body of texts, together with the context in which the words appear. This context is usually no more than 7 or 8 words to the left and right of the node word, and the number of words to the left and right of the key word or phrase can often be adjusted. Concordances are lines of text. Each line contains a node word or phrase, which is usually in the center of the page. The words to the left and right of the node are the context in which each instance of the word or phrase appears in a certain text. The node is the word or phrase for which the ‘researcher’elected to search. The presentation of words and their context in this way is often referred to as ‘key word in context’or ‘KWIC’.
A concordance derives its power for analysis from the fact that it allows us to see every place in a text where a particular word is used, and so to detect patterns of usage and, again, to marshal evidence for an argument. Since words express ideas, themes and motifs, a concordance is highly useful in detecting patterns of meaning as well. The concordance focuses on word- forms, however not on what may be meant but what is actually said. It is an empirical tool of textual research.
For the time being, there are still no standardized medical English teaching textbooks and reference books, with the result that numerous doubts and puzzles may have sprung up now and then. But now, with the dramatic spurt in technology, a corpus, which may be a small collection of more than one text[3], or may be large enough to contain different kinds of large bodies of texts form the current textbooks, from the article related on the internet and magazines or newspapers, could be built, whereas there have existed many other corpora home and abroad like JDEST, Brown, Lob and so on.
1.2. Basic features of concordance
A simple concordance program (or "concordancer") will have the following features[1]:Selection, is to specify for which word (s) you want to see a concordance. There are two main possibilities: 1) proximity searching, in which you specify that you want to see a specific word- form only if it is found within a certain number of words from another number of words from another word- form you specify. 2) phrase searching, in which you specify fixed sequences of words to be found, such as "in case of".
Query. Most if本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。