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摘要：随着城乡居民生活水平质量的提高，对农产品质量的要求也越来越高，但农产品生产经营者的市场意识和消费者需求之间的矛盾却越来越大。本文利用需求供给模型比较了两种市场经济条件下的农产品质量安全问题，揭示了农产品质量安全事故频出的主要原因是农产品质量的信息不对称、明显的外部性特征和典型的公共物品属性, 而这些因素在现实的市场经济情况下是经常的、普遍的, 因此, 只有靠政府加大监管力度, 才能消除农产品质量安全问题。

ften the case, universal, so that only rely on the government to intensify supervision, the quality and safety of agricultural products in order to eliminate the problem.

A more specific analysis of this issue, we may wish to make the following assumptions:
1 assumes that the quality and safety of agricultural products can be seen as a commodity; according to the commodity economics concepts: commodities are exchanged for exchange or for the purpose of production to others or socially useful labor products. Conceptually, we found that a substance
○ 1 "agricultural products traceability system" to track agricultural products (including food, feed, etc.) to enter the market at all stages (from production to distribution of the whole process) of the body system to help when necessary quality control and product recall.

To become a commodity product must meet two conditions: first, it must be the product of labor; Second, it must be used for the exchange. First, the quality and safety of agricultural products and agricultural products is accompanied by a special form of derived products of labor, its roots without labor; Second, the quality and safety of agricultural products once they are created after the transaction is accompanied by agricultural conversion or added value achieved The. Therefore, assuming that the quality and safety of agricultural products is a commodity is not entirely unjustified.

2, assuming manufacturers and consumers are fully rational economic man, to maximize the economic value for the purpose.

3 is a perfectly competitive market, consumers can not identify the supplier of agricultural products. As the scale of agricultural products exist on the market all kinds of different suppliers, and agricultural products are identical or highly alternative products, it can be approximated that the food market is perfectly competitive market, so Condition 3 also realistic approximation.

In a perfectly competitive market conditions, supply and demand together determine the interaction between the market price of the quality and safety of agricultural products. Quality and safety of the consumer demand for quality and safety for the additional willingness to pay decision, reflecting the benefits they derive value, such as better protection of their own, away from the disease. Assumed that each additional unit of quality and safety, consumers' willingness to pay will be reduced Y1. The supply of quality and safety of agricultural products by the decision to reduce the risk of production costs. Assumed that each additional unit of quality and safety, the producer will cost more Y2.

For agricultural purposes, if every one unit increase in quality and safety, consumers are willing to pay 15p, while supplying a unit cost of quality and safety of 10p, then the producers concerned, there are obvious market incentives that Y1 Y2 (Figure 2 B), so that the level of production on the quality and safety of agricultural products or even unprofitable for such quality and safety pay a certain price, at this time it is a rational producer of quality and safety may not be i本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。