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ABSTRACT
This study uses a sample of foreign and domestic banks operating in Greeceduring 1999–2004 to examine the impact of ownership on efficiency. We estimate aninput oriented data envelopment analysis (DEA) model under variable returns to scalewith inputs and outputs selected on the basis of a profit-oriented approach. The resultsindicate an average pure technical efficiency equal to 0.7325 showing that the banks insample could improve their efficiency by 26.75%. Over the same period, scale efficiencywas equal to 0.6830. The comparison of the efficiency scores by group of ownership showsthat domestic banks have higher pure technical efficiency and lower scale efficiency;however, the differences are not statistically significant. A DEA window-analysisconfirms the results of the cross-section estimations. We also estimate a Tobit regressionmodel but consistent with the univariate results we find no evidence to support theargument that ownership has a statistically significant impact on efficiency.

Key Words: Banks; DEA; Efficiency; Foreign; Greece.

1. Introduction
2. Background Discussion
2.1 Theoretical Discussion
2.2 Empirical Evidence
Methodology and Sample
3.1 Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)
3.2 Sample
4. Empirical Results
4.1 Base Results
4.2 Robustness Tests
5. Conclusions

Notes
1. See for example Noulas (2001), Tsionas et al. (2003), Pasiouras (2008a), Pasiouras et al. (2008) and
Delis et al. (2009), among others.
2. For example, using data from 1993 to 2000 on 49 nations, Berger et al. (2004) find that the cost and
profit efficiency ranks of community banks are associated with faster economic growth. In a more
recent study, Hasan et al. (2007) also provide evidence of a positive association between bank-level
profit efficiency and regional economic growth, using a large sample of banks operating in 254
different NUTS 2 regions in the EU-25. See Levine (2005) for a more general discussion on the
relationship between efficiency of financial intermediaries and economic growth.
3. For other recent applications of DEA in banking see among several others Webb (2003), Havrylchyk
(2003), Drake et al. (2006), Pasiouras (2008a, 2008b).
4. Our analysis focuses on the 1999–2004 period due to data (un)availability in the website of the
Hellenic Bank Association. Data before 1999 and after 2004 were available only for a very limited
number of cases, not allowing us to proceed to a meaningful analysis. Information from the 2004
annual report of the Bank of Greece indicates that at end-2004 there were 23 foreign and 21 domestic
banks in Greece, showing that our sample is quite representative.
5. As an anonymous referee suggested, additional inputs/outputs that could be considered are loan
loss provisions (LLP) and off-balance-sheet items (OBS). Unfortunately, such information was not
available in our case for foreign banks. Furthermore, including OBS could be inconsistent with
past studies that use the profit-oriented approach. To some extent, non-traditional activities such
as OBS are captured by net commission income as in Rogers (1998) and Stiroh (2000) among
others. Furthermore, kee本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。