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International economic assignment [3]

论文作者:英语论文论文属性:作业 Assignment登出时间:2014-12-04编辑:yangcheng点击率:16274

论文字数:6877论文编号:org201411142202454646语种:英语 English地区:美国价格:免费论文

关键词:海外留学论文国际经济economic sharingsocial conditions

摘要:本文是一篇海外留学国际经济论文的范文,贫困和社会条件被广泛公认是发展中国家健康状况不佳的主要原因。这份报告介绍了加强国际间的经济交流是如何成为实现全球范围内所有卫生保健的目标的第一步。由穆罕默德·梅斯班完成。

ion lack access to adequate water sources. Consequently, 5,000 children die each day because of a lack of safe, clean water. For millions of others, the daily grind of searching for and collecting water remains an aspect of poverty that transcends the notion of ‘basic' needs. In northern Ghana, for example, girls can spend up to five hours a day fetching water, whereas women may have to wait for hours at a standpipe in a city each day.

 

Medically, the ingestion of contaminated water can lead to a variety of preventable illnesses, such as cholera, typhoid and dysentery. There were 131,943 cases of cholera infection alone in 2005, resulting in the death of 2,272 people across 52 countries - most of them in Africa. Once the cause of death for thousands in Europe during the nineteenth century before its spread was understood, the disease has since been eliminated from most Western countries.

 

Cholera, like most waterborne diseases, is completely preventable and could be eliminated through the provision of clean water and adequate sanitation. According to the WHO, however, it is spreading again in many developing countries, especially across South America and Africa. Aid agencies estimate that the return of Cholera to Zimbabwe during 2008 killed 4,000 people and inflected close to 100,000 others.

 

教育知识的途径——Access to Education and Knowledge

 

Over one billion people, the majority of them women, lack the basic education needed to understand the causes of ill health and take appropriate preventive action. As widely recognised by UN agencies including the WHO, World Bank, UNAIDS and UNESCO, education dramatically affects health outcomes. With better knowledge about HIV/AIDS, for example, many individuals can be directed towards safe sexual behaviour and reduced HIV infection rates.

 

Educated women are more likely to use health services and health-related information, with a particular impact on child and maternal mortality rates. According to UNICEF, each extra year in maternal education in low-income countries reduces under-five child mortality by up to 10 percent. By enabling more secure employment and better access to economic assets, education also improves health outcomes in providing some protection from such shocks as ill health, disability or natural disasters.

 

The current distribution of education, however, is heavily skewed against girls, those people living in rural areas and the poor. Despite the pledge of signatories of the Millennium Development Goals to achieve universal primary education by 2015, children still have to pay for primary schooling (through either user fees or other charges) in 92 countries.

 

Such discrepancies in education can also be seen in the control of medical knowledge. Health specialists in the North know how to control most of the infectious dis论文英语论文网提供整理,提供论文代写英语论文代写代写论文代写英语论文代写留学生论文代写英文论文留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。

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