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Southeastern Anatolian Project

论文作者:www.51lunwen.org论文属性:作业 Assignment登出时间:2014-06-10编辑:lzm点击率:11885

论文字数:3774论文编号:org201406092114547667语种:英语 English地区:中国价格:免费论文

关键词:Social IssuesIlisu DamSoutheastern Anatolian Project伊利苏大坝水力发电厂

摘要:The Ilisu dam is a highlycontroversial project is a necessary part of Turkish development, providingenergy for tens of thousands of people. Dams, though notorious fordisplacement of people and conversion of landscapes, are a multi-purpose highenergy yielding alternative to fossil or nuclear power generation.

Southeastern Anatolian Project.
The proposed Ilisu Dam is a single project underthe umbrella of the massive Southeastern Anatolian Project (Guneydogu AnadoluProje) or GAP. The GAP was a major development endeavour for Turkey and aimedto develop projects using the power of the two largest rivers in Asia, the Tigrisand Euphrates, that run begin in Turkey and run through to the Arabic Gulf.GAP was conceived to meet Turkey's rising energy needs by the construction of22 irrigation dams and 19 hydroelectric plants, harnessing the hydroelectricpotential energy contained in these two massive rivers (Stern, 2004). The GAPattracted international attention due to its focus on the human effects of theproject and attention to sustainability. International credit agencies from theCanada, USA Japan, UK and other European governments along with the World Bank steppedforward to fund the project which they see as one being integral to thesocio-economic development of Turkey which is an important US partner and isaspiring to join the EU. Certain aspects of the GAP, specifically the IlisuDam, have come under attack from citizens groups concerned about the social andpolitical ramifications of the dam and the project is currently on hold aftermajor sponsors pulled out and completion date has been pushed from early 2000to 2010. This paper will examine the proposed dam and the issues that surroundit.


Turkey and GAP: Obligation, Responsibility and Politics
Turkey was once part of the Ottoman Empire emergedfrom the demise of that empire and was inaugurated as a nation in 1923 under MustafaKemal who was later honoured as the Father of the Turks. Under hisauthoritarian leadership the Anatolians of the region saw improvements insocial and economic status. The nation enjoyed a peaceful transfer todemocracy in the 1950s though has since seen several military coups but alwayswith a peaceful transfer back to democracy (CIA World Factbook. 2005). Thenation borders the Black and Mediterranean Seas and its neighbours include Bulgaria,Greece to the West and Georgia, Armenia, Iran, Iraq and Syria to the East.
The country is a member of the UNand NATO since the 1950s and is seen as a leading nation in the Asia region.There have been recent conflicts with separatist Kurds in the South Easternportion of the nation. The Kurdish separatist movement is known as Congress ofKurdistan (KGK) or the communist PKK and have links with Kurds in borderingIraq and Syria (CIA World Factbook. 2005). The nation has been adopting majorenvironmental and social reform in hopes of being admitted to the rapidlyexpanding EU.
The GAP is aimed at developingthe south eastern 8 Anatolian provinces which are home to the majority of theKurdish population of the nation. The project is the largest ever developmentproject Turkey has ever undertaken and seeks to improve the lives of nearly 10%of the Turkish population (Ilisu Engineering Group, 2001; Stern, 2004).
The south eastern part of Turkeyis a poverty stricken area plagued by low income, violent instability andinequality (Morvaridi, 2002). The area's faming consists of low-mechanizationwith few cash crops and the region suffers from aridity despite the presence ofmajor rivers like the Tigris and Euphrates. The region also suffers from theKurdish separatist movement which has attracted the attention of the Turkishand this has been compounded by the militants fleeing论文英语论文网提供整理,提供论文代写英语论文代写代写论文代写英语论文代写留学生论文代写英文论文留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。

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