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dents as well as effectiveness and performance consequences of relationships.

In B2B, SCM is meant to build a cooperation and coordination of inter-organizations. It should not be limited by one organization or one chain. It could be built as a network which even includes suppliers’ suppliers and customers’ customers. Traditional SCM system has no such power to overcome a huge network efficiently. However, the development of internet, IT system and E-business has provided an opportunity to advance and integrate supply chain management. Advanced SCM does not only include traditional functions and performances—designing, forecasting, warehousing, inventory control, delivering, tracing, customer services, and financial control, but also develop all t hese kinds of services in internet or websITes—E-procurement, E-distributing, E-marketing, E-tailing, E-tracing, E-transaction, and etc.. The purpose of using SCM is to integrate sources and information then to achieve cost-saving, time-saving and improvement of services. E-commerce in B2B is hence helping companies to achieve this purpose easily and quickly.

FUNCTIONS AND ACTIVITIES OF SCM IN B2B

B2B的功能与单片机的活动

SCM provides strategic planning, inventory control, warehouse management, stock replenishment, quality control, lean thinking, transport management, track and tracing, and etc.. In B2B, SCM is mainly providing these performances as well.

Strategic planning: which location of depot should be? How many products should be purchased? Is it necessary to build a multifunctional distribution center in Manchester? All these kinds of questions are evaluated and determined first, and then planned and implemented.

Inventory control: forecast demand, current inventory level, safety stock level, lead time, and replenishment requirements. All these issues should be considered and calculated accurately.

Track and tracing: supervising the process of delivery and getting report from vehicles are necessary, not only for organizations, but also for customers and other partners in the supply chain. All parts could plan and prepare well by knowing the situation of on-going transportation.

Warehouse management: development of warehouse management information systems: this is a system which manages and controls the flow of products from receiving to shipping. Besides, it includes increased productivity, reduced inventory, and better space utilization and reduced errors. Automated distribution centres are also a solution.

Transportation management: details about the vehicle, details about the journey or route, details about the fleet, and computerized routeing and scheduling.

All parts in supply chain are bonding by these issues. They influence upstream’s and downstream’s planning and operation. Therefore, there is no reason why they should not be managed well. They could be monitored and operated easily and effectively, once starting E-business. IT system

TWO DIFFENRET EXAMPLES OF SCM IN B2B

供应链管理的两个不同案例

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