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lude the short-term relocation of the flagship London, Drummond Street Store due to surrounding network rail expansion plans. Once this work is complete the flagship store will be once again re-open at its current location with a new and innovative store layout. In 2013 Calumet will start work on a new web platform due to increased growth through this channel of the business.

文献综述——Literature Review

Employee satisfaction and retention have always been important issues for organisations. High levels of absenteeism and staff turnover can affect the bottom line of the organisation, as temps, recruitment and retraining take their toll. The term Employee Satisfaction refers to an individual's general attitude toward his or her job. A person with a high level of job satisfaction holds positive attitudes toward the job tend to be more productive, creative and committed to their employers while a person who is dissatisfied with his or her job holds negative attitudes about the job. Organisations that can create work environments that attract, motivate and retain hard-working individuals will be better positioned to succeed in a competitive environment that demands quality and cost-efficiency. By creating a positive workplace for their employees, they can increase their employees' job satisfaction.

Content theories assume that all individuals possess the same set of needs and therefore prescribe the characteristics that ought to be present in jobs.

Process theories stress the difference in people's needs and focus on the cognitive processes that create these differences.

内容理论——Content theories

Maslow (1954) outlined the most influential of content theories. He suggested a hierarchy of needs up which one must progress. Once individuals have satisfied one need in the hierarchy, it ceases to motivate their behaviour and they are motivated by the need at the next level up the hierarchy.

1. Physiological needs such as hunger and thirst are the first level on the hierarchy.

2. Security needs such as shelter and protection are the next level.

3. Social needs such as need for satisfactory and supportive relationships are the next level.

4. From these needs, the individual can move up the hierarchy to higher order needs. Self - esteem needs for recognition and a belief in oneself is the next level.

5. Finally, the progression leads to the need to realize one's full potential, which is termed self - actualisation. Only a small proportion of the population achieves this level.

Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs is by far one of the most famous early theories of motivation.

Maslow suggested that all people share a hierarchy of needs up which we progress. Basic physiological needs for food, water, and comfort must be met first, and then we address safety and security needs. We then pursue social needs for friendship and belonging, followed by self-esteem needs for self-respect and respect from others. Eventually, we pursue self-actualization needs, including self-fulfilment and the realisation of our full potential.

Maslow proposed that once one need in the hierarchy is satisfied it ceases to motivate behaviour and the need a本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。