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对话录·尤西弗罗的哲学思想

引文根据柏拉图早期的一篇对话Euthyphro，讲述了尤西弗罗与苏格拉底之间关于伦理道德的本质的辩论，虔诚就好比是被众神所爱着的，但苏格拉底并不认同此主张。苏格拉底不认同尤西弗罗的说法并按照他的观点反驳道:众神之间也可能有不同意见。苏格拉底进而追问道：怎样才算是伦理道德的？到底虔诚的人被众神所爱是因为他本身虔诚，还是说虔诚的人之所以虔诚是因为他是被众神爱着的？理性的说，使受众神所爱者变成受众神所爱者的东西是因为众神就是喜爱而已，另一方面，道德或虔诚品质是不一样的。

生活充满了神秘色彩，是非对错之间永远存在无休止的争论，每个人都有自己所认为的真理对错，不论哪一面他的另一面也始终存在着。主要的问题是，是否所有存在的事物都是虔诚的。虔诚是取决于个人的行动是为满足自己的私欲还是在按照神的指引行事。

Philosophy Essay on Euthyphro

In this quote, Euthyphro and Socrates are arguing about the nature of ethics or morality in that according to Euthyphro, the pious thing is a comparable thing as what is adored or loved by the gods, an assertion that Socrates declines. Socrates declines Euthyphro argument as according to him, the gods may not agree among themselves. Socrates argues that something, which is moral or ethical, is not the identical as the god-adored or loved since what comprises morality is not what comprises the god-loved. Rationally, what formulates the god-adored or loved is for the reason that the gods adores or love it while on the other hand, moral or pious is something different (Plato 10d).

Life is full of mysteries and everlasting tussle between what is wrong and right, everyone has his truth similarly to his wrong and the reverse is an occurrence. The major question however, is if at all there exists a pious thing or not. What is pious depends on what an individual do in order to satisfy his or her desires but in accordance with God’s command.

The importance of this quote in the passage is to differentiate between obligation and values. Obligation, which regards the ethical an unethical, is portrayed as a voluntary treatment. Value, regards badness and goodness, is treated as autonomous of the god’s commands. The quotes permits for a non-voluntarist perception of badness and goodness, and thus of God’s own ethical features. In sum, it can be said the pious is internal to God since it is found in God’s nature.

引用作品——Work Cited

Plato. Five Dialogues. New York: Hackett Pub Co, 2002. Print.
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