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笔者认为至于介词短语和定语从句的翻译，翻译是遵循原句法顺序还是重塑句子结构，取决于介词短语或定语从句所承载的信息价值高于或低于其前信息单位或先行词所承载的信息价值。在这种情况下，译者应该识别给定的和新的信息，确定句子的主题和焦点，以估计每个信息单元所承载的信息价值的程度。此外，确定信息焦点的一般规则之一是位置优先：结束焦点。除此之外，它还包括否定焦点，所有的指标，形容词的最高级，等等，所以通过对信息焦点和信息价值的分析，如果介词短语或定语从句具有较高的信息价值，翻译时应采用“顺原句法顺序”的翻译技巧，将定语短语或定语从句从主句中分离出来。

Chapter One Project Description

1.1 About the Source Text

The translation text is taken from the book Language, Mind and Body:Conceptual history, which is written by John e. Joseph, professor of appliedlinguistics at the University of Edinburgh. This book is the first to trace the longhistory behind the three concepts of language, mind and body. It links linguistics tophilosophy, psychology, medicine, literature, as well as the religious dimension toexplore what language is and where it is located. This book, covering the researchesof scholars from Aristotle to Chomsky, aims to assess which might be learned fromclassic mentalism, distributed approaches, extended mind and embodied cognition, toresearch into the problematic relationship among language, mind and body, and totake a fresh look into the essential problems that link the theoretical researches toapplied linguistics. This book is popular among the scholars and advanced learners incognitive linguistics, general linguistics, philosophy of language and languageevolution.

Chapters 3-4 mainly introduce the statements of influential scholars like Plato,Aristotle, Epicurus, Augustine concerning language, mind and body during theantiquity and the middle age. The involved topics include logos and nous, Plato’striple mind, Aristotle’s embodying language, Epicurus’s breathing ethnically, ancientmedicine and pneuma, Augustine, bodies and speech, mediaeval medicine and mind.

All in all, this book has a significant academic value which would provide agood reference for domestic linguistics learners.

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1.2About the Writer

John e. joseph (1956-today), professor of Applied Linguistics at the University ofEdinburgh, currently holds a three-year Major Research Fellowship from theLeverhulme Trust. He is co-editor of the journal Language and Communication, andassociate editor of Historiographia Linguistica. His books include Saussure (2012),Language and Politics (2006), Language and Identity (2004), From Whitney toChomsky (2002), Limiting the Arbitrary (2000) and Eloquence and Power (1987),along with articles covering a wide range of topics in linguistics. Among them, thebook, Language and Identity (2004), has a very broad readership among linguists,political scientists, anthropologists, historians, and sociologists, many of whom alsoread his Language and Politics as its successor and complement. Apparently,professor John e. joseph looks deep into the nature of language and explores theconnection between language and other fields. What’s more, to explore the creation oflanguage, he also dedicates himself to study medicine. This book is the fruition ofmany years of exploration and reflection on relating language to the body.

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Chapter Two Process Description

2.1 Preparatory Work

As an old Chinese saying goes, more preparation may quicken the speed in doingwork. Full preparation is a precondition of completing the translation projectsmoothly and efficient本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。