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在国内和国际商业与国际法中建立信任

论文作者:英语论文论文属性:短文 essay登出时间:2014-10-11编辑:zcm84984点击率:14973

论文字数:4372论文编号:org201409201245564576语种:英语 English地区:英国价格:免费论文

关键词:国际电子商务E-Commerce国际法LAW ESSAY电子签名技术

摘要:本文是一篇国际商业与国际法的留学生法律作业,为在国家和国际电子商务力图树立信心,电子签名已经成为大多数电子通信的重要组成部分。无论是在合同或交易的通信,发达国家和发展中国家都采取和实施各项准则和法规来规范使用电子签名。

在国内和国际商业与国际法中建立信任


为在国家和国际电子商务力图树立信心,电子签名已经成为大多数电子通信的重要组成部分。无论是在合同或交易的通信,发达国家和发展中国家都采取和实施各项准则和法规来规范使用电子签名。电子签名技术和法律的实施,提出了关于电子签名的技术细节,合法性,适用性和实用性,考虑跨境电子商务的本质敏感的问题,而这个问题成为本工作的基础。值得一提的是世界各地的电子签名立法,即包含三个基本要素:执行和电子签名的一致性的性质,范围,参与电子交易的发送者,接收者和认证机构采用电子签名和十字架的承认责任界,接受和电子签名和证书可执行性。本章将探讨在美国,英国,中国,南非和卢旺达的细节立法。 


In a bid to foster confidence in national and international E-commerce, electronic Signatures have become an essential part of most electronic communications. Developed and developing countries have adopted and implemented various guidelines and legislations to regulate the use of electronic signatures, be it in contractual or transactional communications. The implementation of electronic signature technologies and laws have raised sensitive questions regarding the technicalities, legality, applicability and practicability of electronic signature considering the nature of cross boarder E-commerce, and this issues form the bases of this work. It is worthy to note that electronic signatures legislations around the world contain three fundamental elements namely: the nature, scope of implementation and consistency of electronic signatures, the liability of the sender, receiver and certification authority involved in electronic transactions using electronic signature and the cross border recognition, acceptance and enforceability of electronic signature and certificates. This chapter will examine in detail legislations in USA, UK, CHINA, SOUTH AFRICA and RWANDA.


UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Since 1995, many states in the USA have enacted their own legislations on electronic signature providing for the validity and enforceability of its use. [1] These legislations vary in approach of implementation, which has resulted in inconsistency in regulating commercial transactions between the states.

Utah [2] , New Mexico, Mississippi, and Missouri among others adopted and developed a prescriptive approach of legislation based on the public key infrastructure. While states like Arizona, Alabama, Illinois, Delaware and California among others, relied on the minimalist approach of legislation which gave different types of electronic signature the same force and legal effect as a manual signature provided the electronic signature met definite requirements. [3]

The “National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State laws” successfully created “The Uniform Electronic Transactions Act” (UETA) to remove all barriers to electronic commerce and provide a legal structure to validate and give legal effect when utilizing electronic signatures and documents. [4] UETA is a model law by nature [5] which gives electronic signatures legal equivalence to hand written signatures and is considered to exhibit the best minimalist approach that has been adopted [6] . Forty-seven states, the Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico, and the District of Columbia have adopted the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act. [7] Unfortunately the adoption process of UETA nationwide was quite lengthy and there was no certainty of standardization and uniformity. The federal government saw the need to establish a legislation that would insure some form of uniformity by eliminating most of the legal uncertainties resulting from the inconsistency of state laws [8] . As a result of this, in June 2000, the “Electronic Signature in Global and National 论文英语论文网提供整理,提供论文代写英语论文代写代写论文代写英语论文代写留学生论文代写英文论文留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。

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