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[Abstract] Language transfer is a universal phenomenon in second language acquisition. Before language learners learn a foreign language, they have been using their mother language to communicate with each other for a long time, so that they have been very familiar with the rules of mother language. In addition, there are similarities in language learning. Therefore, when they learn a new language, they transfer those rules into the second language unconsciously, and then transfers appear. However, there are similarities and differences between two languages in their usages, rules and so on. For that reason, two kinds of transfers form. They are positive transfer and negative transfer. This essay firstly illustrates the definition of transfer and the importance of mother language for second language acquisition. Then it discusses the reason that causes transfer. Next, it illustrates the manifestation of transfer in language knowledge and culture separately in detail. In language knowledge, transfer will appear in English letter’s learning, phonetic, lexical, grammar and discourse. In culture, transfer will appear in two areas: lexical meaning and pragmatics. Finally, this easy will give some practical suggestions of the right treatment to the mother language transfer in language teaching. 【摘要】语言迁移是二语习得中的一种普遍现象。因为在语言学习者学习语言之前，他们就一直使用母语与他人进行交流。因而，他们对于母语的规则已经非常熟悉。又由于语言学习之间存在着共性，所以，在学习者学习外语时，他们就会不自觉地将母语的一些习惯迁移到他们所学的外语中去。而后，迁移就发生了。然而，两种语言之间在使用习惯，规则等众多方面存在着异同。这就使语言在迁移过程中发生了两种变化：正迁移和负迁移。本文首先对迁移的定义以及母语在第二语言习得中的重要性进行阐述。然后讨论了迁移产生的原因。接下来，分别就迁移可能出现的两大方面（语言知识方面和文化方面）进行详细的描述。在语言知识方面，从五个方面描写母语的迁移的表现：英语字母的学习，语音方面，词汇方面，语法方面和语篇方面。在文化方面，则从两个方面来描写：词汇文化方面和语用方面。最后，本文提出一些认为在教学中可以采取的正确对待母语迁移的方法。 Mother Tongue Transfer and English Teaching1. IntroductionIn the field of Second Language Acquisition, linguists and psychologists found that mother language had a great influence on the acquisition of target language. Very often, when an L2 learner intends to express himself in the target language, his L2 production may sound unnatural, with a flavor of L1 influence. Some of the L1 structural knowledge may be transferred to the learners’ mental state unconsciously. And this would make the learners produce an incorrect sentence. Just as Lado said “Individual tend to transfer the forms and meanings and the distribution of forms and meanings of their native language and culture to the foreign language and culture-both productively when attempting to speak the language and to act in the culture and receptively when attempting to grasp and understand the language and the culture as practiced by natives.”[1]P52-53 Many of Chinese students have already acquired some Chinese before they learn English, which make them naturally use the knowledge of mother language to learn English. As a result, the influence of mother language in the English learning is unavoidable.In psychology, transfer refers to ‘the phenomenon of previous knowledge being extended to the area of new knowledge, i.e. the influence which the learning or remembering of one thing has on the learning and remembering of another thing’. [2]P12 Therefore first language (L1) refers to the influence that learner’s L1 exerts over the acquisition of an L2. [3]P51 Accordingly, errors in L2 learning are explained as the interference of learners’ mother tongue (or the first language/L1) in learning the target language because of differences between the two. Interference as such is called negative transfer. Sim