企业的行为已引起社会的关注,并受到多年来不断的批评。出于对企业社会责任(CSR)概念的批评。许多评论家认为,组织必须评估他们的决策和行动对社会整体的影响,他们必须承担自己的活动和相关后果的责任。
此外,它也认为,组织应采取措施,以保护和改善社会福利。有些人甚至认为组织的存在是为了满足社会的需要。因此,作为社会需要的管家是一种社会责任,适当和自然的行为。总之,组织必须评估他们的决策和行动,不仅从组织效益的角度来看,也从更大的角度。
The conduct of business has been an increased concern for society and subject to continuous criticism over the years. Out of such criticism has grown for the notion of
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). Many critics argue that organizations must evaluate the impact of their decisions and actions on society as a whole and that they must assume responsibility for their activities and related consequences.
Furthermore, it is also argued that organizations should take steps to protect and improve the welfare of society. Some have even suggested that organizations exist to serve the needs of society. Therefore, being a steward of the needs of society is a socially responsible, appropriate, and natural act. In short, organizations must evaluate their decisions and actions not merely from the perspective of organizational effectiveness, but also from the perspective of greater good.
Against this background of rights and obligations, many organizations have responded to the challenge of commitment to social responsibility that has led to increased corporate responsiveness to stakeholders and improved social performance.
Definitions of CSR
'
corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a commitment to improve community well-being through discretionary business practices and contributions of corporate resources.'(Kotler and Lee, 2005).
'CSR is the continuing commitment by the business to behaving ethically and contributing to economic development while improving the quality of life of the workforce and their families as well as of the community and society at large.' (R. Sims, 2003)
According to Caroll (2003), 'The social responsibility of business encompasses the economic, legal, ethical, and discretionary (philanthropic) expectations that society has of organizations at a given point in time.'
CSR evolution
Organizations have moved away from a traditional philanthropic approach, focusing on disbursement of charitable funds, engaging the core competencies of the organization and the creating a mutually beneficial partnerships between the organizations and NGOs. Some trends are as follows:
Old paradigm giving: One-Way
New paradigm partnerships: Strategic
Philosophy
Discretionary giving
Corporate obligation
New business discipline
Societal opportunity
Methods
Responsive
Conventional
Risk averse
Incremental
Anticipatory
'Out of the box'
Risk-taking
Transformative
Purpose
Conformity
Good will
Differentiation
Results and reputation.
Recipients
The 'usual suspects'
New entrepreneurs and
innovators
Impact
Minimal and not measured
Potentially high, leveraged
and measured
Employee involvement
Minimal
Direct and intense
Relationship management
One way
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