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切尔诺贝利核泄漏事故的起因分析

论文作者:英语论文网论文属性:作业 Assignment登出时间:2012-01-06编辑:dhj123点击率:4918

论文字数:2886论文编号:org201201061630215356语种:英语 English地区:乌克兰价格:免费论文

关键词:齐尔诺贝利苏联乌克兰

摘要:The chernobyl nuclear power plant in the Ukraine is Soviet times within the territory of the first nuclear power plants built, there are 4 the installed capacity of 1000 mw nuclear reactor units.

The chernobyl nuclear power plant in the Ukraine is Soviet times within the territory of the first nuclear power plants built, there are 4 the installed capacity of 1000 mw nuclear reactor units. One unit no. 1 and no. 2 units in 1977 set up in September, power generation. Unit 3 and 4 units in 1981 began to grid generation. 英语论文网www.51lunwen.org

 切尔诺贝利核电站是苏联时期在乌克兰境内修建的第一座核电站,共有4个装机容量为1000兆瓦的核反应堆机组。其中1号机组和2号机组在1977年9月建成发电。3号机组和4号机组于1981年开始并网发电。

On April 26, 1986, in the experiment, the chernobyl nuclear power plant 4 reactor exploded, killing 30 people died on the spot, 8 tons more strong radiation leakage. The nuclear leakage accident around make the power station of more than 60000 square kilometers of land polluted directly, more than 320 people been nuked violations, into human beings in the history of the peaceful use of nuclear energy a big disaster. Neighbors belarus too. According to expert statistics, leakage of the chernobyl disaster of radioactive dust in belarus territory fell 70%, roughly 20% of the agricultural land is rejected, and is more than 400 settlements become uninhabited, direct economic losses of more than $200 billion. After the accident, the former Soviet union and the people's government adopted a series of rehabilitation measures to remove, buried a large number of pollutants, for the number four explosion reactor built reinforced cement "sarcophagus", and restore the other three generator production. In addition, 30 kilometers away from nuclear power plants within the area still be into isolation, many say the area is "the dead zone". After the collapse of the Soviet union, to maintain the chernobyl nuclear power plant in the Ukraine operation, until 15 December 2000 all shut down.

    1986年4月26日,在进行一项实验时,切尔诺贝利核电站4号反应堆发生爆炸,造成30人当场死亡,8吨多强辐射物泄漏。此次核泄漏事故使电站周围6万多平方公里土地受到直接污染,320多万人受到核辐射侵害,酿成人类和平利用核能史上的一大灾难。近邻白俄罗斯深受其害。据专家统计,切尔诺贝利事故泄漏的放射性尘埃70%落在白俄罗斯境内,当地20%农业用地被废弃,400多个居民点成为无人区,直接经济损失超过2000亿美元。事故发生后,原苏联政府和人民采取了一系列善后措施,清除、掩埋了大量污染物,为发生爆炸的4号反应堆建起了钢筋水泥“石棺”,并恢复了另3个发电机组的生产。此外,离核电站30公里以内的地区还被辟为隔离区,很多人称这一区域为“死亡区”。 苏联解体后,乌克兰继续维持着切尔诺贝利核电站的运转,直至2000年12月15日全部关闭。

The former Soviet union experts at the conclusion of the nuclear power station accident lesson out: the who neglects his duties, rough process planning is a violation of the main reason of the accident. According to the regulation, the response of the reactor in the area to have at least 15 root control reaction of the bar, but the response time of the accident only 8 root bar. The reactor is supply of the steam produced two sets of turbine generator. When turn off the turbines, automatic protection system will immediately turn off the reactor. But the accident on the same day, power plant personnel in the experiment but first before cutting off automatic protection system, which was shut down and began to experiment turbine, reactor continues to work. In addition, the power station staff also turn off the steam separator safety interlocking system. This kind of practice as the plane to land, the pilot but have not put down on the landing gear.

    原苏联专家在总结这起核电站事故的教训时指出:有关人员玩忽职守、粗暴违反工艺规程是造成事故的主要原因。按规定,反应堆的反应区内至少应有15根控制反应的控制棒,但事故发生时反应区内只有8根控制棒。反应堆产生的蒸汽是供给两台涡轮发电机的。当关掉涡轮机时,自动保护系统会立即关掉反应堆。但事故当天,电站工作人员在进行实验之前却先切断了自动保护系统,致使涡轮机被关闭并开始实验时,反应堆却在继续工作。此外,电站工作人员还关掉了蒸气分离器的安全联锁系统。这种做法宛如飞机要降落时,驾驶员却没有放下起落架。论文英语论文网提供整理,提供论文代写英语论文代写代写论文代写英语论文代写留学生论文代写英文论文留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。

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