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引言

乐购是英国最大的连锁超市。杰克·科文先生是乐购的创始人和主席。当他开始在自家商店里销售生活用品时，他第一天的利润是售出额的四分之一。1956年在马尔登，第一家乐购自助服务商店开业。在1960年，乐购在英格兰北部一共有212家门店。1968年乐购在克劳利，西萨赛克斯郡新开了超市。在1974年乐购又在不同地方开了加油站。乐购在1979年总营业额达到了一亿英镑。1982年，乐购实现了计算机化收银。同年，乐购的总营业额达到了两亿英镑。在乐购的历史上，20世纪90年代被认为是至关重要的十年。因为这十年间，发生了几个使乐购得以长足进步的事件。1991年，乐购成为英国最大的汽油零售商。1992年，在考文特花园，乐购开了第一家地铁超市。1994年，乐购有了第一个快递公司。1995年，乐购成为了英国最大的食品零售商。乐购进入餐饮市场，发行了会员卡。1996年，乐购引进了导购员来帮助顾客更便捷购物。1998年，乐购进入台湾和泰国市场，随后在1999年进入韩国市场。在2001年，乐购成为英国最大的有机食品零售商。同年，乐购进入马来西亚市场并在2003年，进入日本市场。

乐购的核心目的是为顾客创造价值并赢取他们一生的忠诚度。在英国的主要城市，乐购已经在壮大的基础上发展了长期战略，通过不断国际化，在食品和非食品类更强，遵循顾客需求而扩大市场。在13个国家，乐购有将近400，000名员工。在经济发展和增加就业上，乐购扮演者越来越重要的作用。

Tesco is one of the largest supermarket chains in the United Kingdom. Sir JACK COVEN is the founder and chairperson of Tesco. When he started to sell groceries in his store his first day’s profit was pound 1 over the sell of pound 4. During the year 1956 in Maldon the first Tesco self-service store was opened. During 1960 Tesco take over a group of 212 stores in northern part of England. In 1968 term super store came in front when Tesco open store on Crawley, West Sussex. During the year 1974 Tesco opened petrol stations at different locations. In 1979 annual turnover of Tesco reached up to 1 Billion Pound. In 1982 computerised check outs has started in Tesco. And in the same year annual turnover of Tesco reached on 2 billion pound. 1990 decade considered as a very important in the Tesco’s history and development. Because in this decade some major events happened which are responsible for considerable growth of Tesco. In 1991 Tesco became largest petrol retailer in the Britain. In 1992 first Tesco metro store open at convent garden. First Tesco express open in 1994. During 1995 Tesco became largest food retailer, Tesco enter into Hungry, and Tesco announced Club Cards. In 1996 Tesco introduced term customer assistant to make shopping more easily. In 1998 Tesco entered into Taiwan and Thailand and thereafter in South Korea in 1999. Tesco became largest organic food retailer in the UK during 2001. During 2001 Tesco entered in Malaysia and Japan in 2003.

The core purpose of Tesco is to create value for customer to earn their lifetime loyalty. Tesco has developed long term strategy based on growth in core UK, to expand by growing internationally, to be strong in food and non food items, and to follow customers into new customer service. Near about 400,000 staff working in 13 countries. Tesco is playing major role in economic development and employment generation.

改变管理——CHANGE MANAGEMENT

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