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Chapter 1 Introduction

1.1 Research background
Since the late 1970s when China launched the open economic policy to the external world and began the economic reform for structural change, in China numerous kinds of economic opportunities emerged and disappeared (Naughton, 2007). Recent removal of government-imposed regulation and technology advance created novel economic opportunities, thereby allowing entrepreneurs in China’s market to access, discover and exploit entrepreneurial opportunities more easily.

20世纪70年代后期以来，中国向外界推出的经济开放政策和结构性变化，在中国开始了经济改革的经济机会出现的无数种，消失（诺顿，2007）。最近去除政府规定的法规和技术进步创造新的经济机会，从而使企业家在中国的市场进入，探索和利用创业机会更容易。

 Besides the continuous China’seconomy growth accelerates the demand growth, thus China’s market attracts numeroustransnational (Yeung, 2004) entrepreneurs from other countries. That is, theproliferation of entrepreneurial activities in China is phenomena itself.However, there was the lack of research which investigated the effect of China’sentrepreneurial activities. Although there were researchers who have described andexplained the present condition of Chinese entrepreneurial firms (Gao, 2002), theinstitutional entrepreneurs and their activities (Li, Feng and Jiang, 2005), the venturecapital environment in China (White, Gao and Zhang, 2005), the Chinese universitybased entrepreneurial firms (Eun, Lee and Wu, 2005), about the economic effect ofentrepreneurial activities in China, however, few of researchers have been concerned.Although there are theoretical studies associating entrepreneurial activities witheconomic growth, and some empirical studies on such theoretical models, they haveseveral limitations such as lack of empirical study or recent statistical method (Lu 2000;Yang and Xu 2006; Yu 2007). These previous researches on China’s Entrepreneurshiphave examined either with no time lag or with only a short lag and developed theirresearches with no consideration of spatial effect.
Indeed, for transition economy such as China also, there is important meaning ofentrepreneurial activity. Entrepreneurial activity in transition economy can mitigatemarket monopoly of existing state-owned firms and bring around securing efficiencyeffect through competition (Baumol et al., 1988). Consequently, it would be expectedthat industry’s productivity should increase and related industries and jobs could newlyemerge. That is, in transition economy entrepreneurial activity is economic development and economic reform itself (MacMillan and Woodruff, 2002). In addition, as thefinancial crisis has impacted global economic development in an unprecedented scale,securing stable growth via entrepreneurial activity promotion is becoming importantissue for China. Thus many questions on this field are in dire need of solving.

1.2 Research questions

With this background, this thesis investigates economic effect of entrepreneurial activityin China. The thesis will examine different economic effect of entrepreneurial activityaccording to different business types, various regions and time spans. In detail, thisthesis will try to answer following research questions:How entrepreneurial activity affects employment in China’s private economy?More concretely, how different is economic effect in various time lag stages andin different regional economic environments?How differently entrepreneurial activity affects e本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。