英语论文网

llocation phrases always have a long history, and have certain sources and social backgrounds. In western countries, most fixed collocation phrases embody religious colors. Although in Chinese we can find some equivalent phrases of English fixed phrases, they are not completely equivalent for different sources. For example, in English, there is a phrase “kill the goose that lays the golden eggs”, which equals as “杀鸡取卵”in Chinese, but “goose” refer to “鹅” in an English fable, while there is only a saying “杀鸡取卵” in Chinese. If learners don’t know the fixed English phrases of “杀鸡取卵” , they would express it as “kill the hen/chicken that lays eggs”. Table 3 The Classification of the Free Collocation Errors Code Type Instruction cc1 noun/noun improper noun and noun (phrase) combinations/semantic cc2 noun/verb improper noun and verb (phrase) combinations/semantic cc3 verb/noun improper verb and noun (phrase) combinations/semantic cc4 adjective/noun improper adjective and noun (phrase) combinations/semantic cc5 verb/adverb improper verb and adverb combinations/semantic cc6 adverb/adjective improper adverb and adjective combinations/semantic For convenience of research and comprehension, here the code (cc) stands for collocation errors. Among the six kinds of free collocation, (cc2) and (cc4) collocation errors occurred most frequently in students’ compositions. There are 14 (cc2) collocation errors and 7 (cc4) collocation errors in number respectively. A. Taking some (cc2) collocation errors for example: (11) He also can receive happiness and success. 他同样能获得幸福与成功。(gain) Learners can use “receive a letter”, “receive present”, “receive a good Education”, while “receive happiness and success” is not very proper. It is more common to use “gain” happiness and success instead of “receive”. (12) Women can take part in social activities and develop their social status step by step. 妇女可以参加社会活动从而逐步提高她们的社会地位。(raise/enhance) The word “develop” means “扩展、发展” in Chinese, but people usually say “提高社会地位” not “扩/发展社会地位”, therefore, “raise/enhance one’s social status” is more reasonable. B. Taking some (cc4) collocation errors for example: (13) It is directly related to money profit. 直接关系到金融/财政收益。(financial profits) This student wanted to express “gain profits financially, such as, gain some money”, but directly used “money profit”, which is Chinglish. (14) More and more women go out to work, which causes ferocious competition. 越来越多的女性去工作带来了激烈的竞争。(fierce) In the dictionary, “ferocious” means “fierce, violent or savage”. “Fierce” have two explanations: one is “violent and angry”, the other “intense, unpleasant or uncontrollably strong”. The word “fierce” is less strong than the word “ferocious” in the degree. “激烈的竞争” means the competition is very strong but not violent and savage, so “fierce competition” is more appropriate. There exist 11 fixed collocation errors in number in students’ compositions. e.g. a benevolent lie 善意的谎言 (a white lie) Any misunderstanding will not stand too long before honesty. 站住脚跟 (hold water) There is a no denying fact that… 不可否认 (there is no denying the fact that…) do great contributions 做出重大贡献 (make great contributions) professional female 职业女性 (career women) free/freedom studying 自主学习 (autonomous learning) The above fixed collocation errors due to learners’ ignorance of the fixed collocation expressions. There is another example that the foreigners will not understand because of