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从文化因素的角度对中英时间隐喻进行对比分析，揭示其背后所隐藏的中西文化差异。根据概念隐喻理论，可将时间概念隐喻分为三大类，即“本体时间隐喻”、“结构性时间隐喻”和“方向性时间隐喻”。

1 Introduction
Metaphor, the figure of speech in which an item is substituted for another, has been described as a central tool of our cognitive apparatus. It is essential to our understanding of how language, thought and discourse are structured. Consequently, the study of metaphor has been widely applied in linguistics, psychology, Philosophy and literature. The role of metaphor in language has been focused in the field of linguistics since the pioneering work of Lakoff and Johnson. Although at the present, it is receiving much less attention within applied linguistics than in the past.
1.1 Background of the study
Time, as one of the most central and pervasive aspect of the human language has mutually influenced human cognition. Time has been a highly Abstract concept that nobody could give a convincing and satisfying definition and has inevitably mentioned in daily language, and also abundant expressions for time have come into existence. Research on time makes up the basic parts of the study of human cognition.
Human being's activities are all conducted within time and space, thus time has been of great significance throughout human history. Describing and measuring time is an essential part of the human experience. But time is abstract. We don't have the capability to measure time, so time has to be perceived by some other familiar and specific experiences. The words for expressing time, such as minute, second, hour, day, month, year etc, are used frequently, but are comparatively limited; the shortage of words for time makes us use some other familiar metaphorical words. This is the foundation of metaphor for time, which is different under different perspectives. Time metaphor is defined as mapping non-time structure onto time structure.
All kinds of human activities are in a certain time and space, the importance of time for the people is self-evident. However, as a highly abstract concept, time cannot be seen, or touched. Therefore, people need to draw support from other concepts to understand time, thus time metaphor has been produced.

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Abstract 3-4
摘要 5-8
1 Introduction 8-13
    1.1 Background of the study 8-10
    1.2 Objectives of the study 10-11
    1.3 Significance of the study 11-12
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