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the basic words like “take, put” are known. But those words are among the most troublesome, with their multiple meanings. Therefore, teachers should work very hard on the high frequency words.3.2 Some criteria for selecting vocabulary. Selecting words is not blind, it need criteria to limit its scope. Table 2 Some criteria for selecting vocabularyCriteria Definition RangeCoverageFrequencyLearnabilityLanguage needs The extent to which a word occurs in the different types of textsThe capacity of a word to replace other wordsThe number of occurrences of a word in the target languageThe extent to which a word can be learned without difficultyThe extent to which a word is regarded as ‘required’ by the learner in order to communicate. Source: Adapted from Teaching Vocabulary [8]3.3 Four principles for selecting vocabularySelecting words also need principles.(1) The words that native speaker usually use in many field is the words for learners to learn.(2) Some words which are not usually and widely used, but it is certain that students always come across in study (such as experiment, graph, specimen etc.).(3) The capacity of a word or phrases to replace other words or other phrases. For example, ‘immediately’ can take the place of ‘straight away, without delay, instantly, in a flash’ etc.(4) Different words have different teaching difficulties. For example, “classroom is easier to teach than “humanism”. [9] There is no need for students to learn the chosen words in the same way. In fact, it is enough for some words to be mastered as the active voice, other words need changing into the passive voice. 4. What is involved in vocabulary teaching Learning is a process of gradual development, so is vocabulary learning. Vocabular y learning can be divided into 3 stages: (1) Learn the new words.(2) Put the words in the certain place of memory.(3) Consolidate the words to reach the deep memory.[10]Nowadays vocabulary teaching should be part of the syllabus, and should be taught on a well-planned and regular basis. There are many ways of vocabulary teaching in English study. Different teachers should adopt various effective teaching methods and use a lot of other means to stimulate students’ enthusiasm in vocabulary learning, which certainly will have an great effect on students’ English study.4.1 PresentationThe words in most English textbook are explained in the students’ native tongues. In such book, the English word appears first on the left of the page, and the meanings of words appear on the right of the page in the students’ language. Except this, there is no other instruction. So teachers need to offer a creative and attractive presentation after reading aloud each word. It means that in classes the teacher should use some particular skills and techniques to show the meanings of the words.4.1.1 Use real objects to show meaningsIn order to help students understand the meaning of a word, using real objects are a good way for teaching. Teachers can bring real objects to the classroom for showing the meaning of words. For example, 钱包（a purse）, 苹果（an apple）, 甜的糖果(a sweet candy) etc. 4.1.2 Draw pictures, diagrams Pictures for vocabulary teaching may have many resources. Besides those drawn by the students and the teacher, there are attractive sets that are intended for schools. Pictures, which are cut out of magazines and newspapers, are also useful; many cheap books for children have attractive pictures, which can show meanings of basic w