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1.军事革命的概念源于苏联1970年代和1980年代的文学作品。早期“军事技术革命”的研究,是一项对战争产生巨大影响的新技术,这很快形成了军事革命的整体概念,包括后续业务和组织的转变。

多数分析师将RMA定义为“军事能力和有效性的不连续增加”，引起了技术、系统、操作方法和军事组织的同步和相互支持的变化。另一个定义说RMA”战争的性质指的是新技术的创新应用带来的主要变化，加上军事学说、操作和组织概念的戏剧性变化从根本上改变了军事行为的性格和行为”[2]。

2 涉及巨大变化的军事革命，往往超出外交政策的武器职业领域。上个世纪历史上爆发的例子包括电报和轨道交通革命,周围的变化还包括直接炮火,机动车辆(包括坦克),和飞机的改变，近半个世纪以来，核武器出现。现在,信息革命铺天盖地而来。

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

“The Ultimate Determinant in War is the Man on the Scene with the Gun.”

1. The notion of military revolutions grew from Soviet writing of the 1970s and 1980s. Early studies talked of a "Military Technical Revolution" (MTR), which is the impact of a new technology on warfare, but this quickly evolved into the more holistic concept of “Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA)”, which encompasses the subsequent transformation of operations and organization.

Most analysts define a RMA as a "discontinuous increase in military capability and effectiveness" arising from simultaneous and mutually supportive change in technology, systems, operational methods, and military organizations”[1]. Another definition is, RMA “is a major change in the nature of warfare brought about by the innovative application of new technologies which, combined with dramatic changes in military doctrine, operational and organizational concepts, fundamentally alters the character and conduct of military operations”[2].

2. A revolution in military affairs involves big changes that occur relatively quickly and which tend to spread beyond the profession of arms into the realm of foreign policy. Historical examples include the onset of the telegraph and the rail-road in the last century, the changes surrounding in direct artillery fire, motor vehicles (including tanks), and aircraft in the first half of this century, and the advent of nuclear weapons nearly one half century ago. Now, the information revolution has paved the way for the present revolutionary transformations in warfare[3].

3. Famous futurists like Alvin Toffler and Heidi Toffler have quoted that, “a military revolution, in its fullest scene, occurs only, when an entire society transforms itself, forcing its armed forces to change at every level simultaneously from technology and culture to organization, strategy, tactics, training, doctrine and logistics”[4].

4. However a difficulty arises in understanding the current debate over the RMA because some use the term as referring to the revolutionary technology itself that is driving change, while others use the term as referring to revolutionary adaptations by military organizations that may be necessary to deal with the changes in technology or the geopolitical environment, and still others use the term to refer to the revolutionary impact of geopolitical or technological change on the outcome of military conflicts, with specific reference to the political and economic context of globalisation , regardless of the nature of the particular technology or the reaction of th本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。