摘要:本文是留学生Literature Review范文,主要内容是针对政府在产业发展中的作用这一研究问题,通过对相关文献进行总结分析,并且提出作者自己的研究观点。
n which affect demand competition and motivate other firms to start their business in the cluster.
Avvari V. Mohan, Aliza Omar and Kamarulzaman A. Aziz (2004) defines the role of government in the development of Malaysia's Multimedia Super Corridor Cluster through various policies and supportive initiatives. The government has provided more options of finance to the entrepreneurs apart from tradition sources.
It continuously encourages schools and universities to collaborate with industry and try to find out new and improved method of doing things. Apart from this government. has also provided intellectual property protection in accordance with international standard requirements.
The author found that main role of government was that of advisor. By its support, Government has helped in diffusion of information and communication technology in Malaysia.
Norman and Venables (2004) found that the government policy has an important role in the development of cluster. Without a government policy, the number of industrial clusters will be too much and each cluster will be too small which will ultimately lead to decrease in the output to the level lower than the level that maximize world welfare.
Andersson et al (2004) states that a cluster policy should help in increasing the cooperation between firms, non government organizations and public sector.
Sanjay Lall (2004) defines various policies that can be used by the government. to promote the development of various industries. These policies are protection of infant industries, target on exports, various incentives and other subsidies, performance requirement on foreign investors, slack intellectual property rights protection to promote copying and reverse engineering and local content rules.
Mark Wickhan (2005) conducted a study to analyze the role of government in the development of an industry cluster. He stated that state governments initial support should be given to commensurate with region's natural advantages and its success in export markets.
The government. should provide necessary infrastructure to the developing industrial cluster. The government. should not adopt the policy of one size fits all as every cluster are in different stages of development.
Mark Drabenstott (2005) studies the future role of federal governments in economic development of a region. The authors analyze the changes required in the policies to help firms in specific region to grow.
The author found that most of the expenditure done by the federal government is for the development of infrastructure. The author suggested three options for the federal government.
(i) The Government should frame a policy for development of various regions.
(ii) Provide help to various regions to grow and innovate.
Enhance the implementation of policy from a specific area to whole nation.
Akifumi Kuhiki (2005) uses a flow chart approach to industrial cluster policy and tries to explore the conditions which help in formation and growth of cluster. The study was conducted in manufacturing industry in Asia. It is found that the public policies helps in enhancing the growth of a cluster.
Andres Rodriguez Clara (2005) explores that a policy of infant-industry protection should be applied to encourage the emergence
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