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新西兰国家经济报告（2010-2016）
National Economic Report of New Zealand (2010-2016)

新西兰位于太平洋西南部，是一个高度发达的资本主义国家，新西兰。世界银行将新西兰列为一个最友好的商业国家，并已成功地从一个以农业为主的经济转变为一个具有国际竞争力的、工业化的自由市场经济。
新西兰拥有268680平方公里的土地面积在所有国家和地区排名第七十五。
2015年，新西兰总人口464万，其中74%是欧洲后裔，15%是毛利人，12%是亚裔，7%是太平洋岛民。新西兰2015的国内生产总值（GDP）为1737亿5400万美元，人均国内生产总值为37340美元。2015，新西兰的人均收入是40020美元。2015年，新西兰的失业率为5.4%。在新西兰2015的通胀率是0.3%。新西兰政府支出为2939美元0million，年16.91%的GDP核算。2015，新西兰政府的预算赤字为2亿8500万美元，占GDP的0.17%。从2010到2016，由于欧洲债务危机导致世界经济形势不稳定，中国的经济放缓等因素的影响，这在一定程度上造成了新西兰经济的影响，新西兰政府采取了一系列措施来应对这些挑战，并最终取得了良好的效果，保证新西兰经济的稳定发展。这项研究提出了一些问题，在新西兰的经济发展：2010-2016年期间，什么样的措施，新西兰政府已采取措施解决它们，以及这些措施的效果。

1.0 Introduction 简介
New Zealand is located in the southwest Pacific, New Zealand is a highly developed capitalist country. The World Bank lists New Zealand as one of the most business-friendly countries in the world, and it has been successfully transformed from a predominantly agricultural economy to an internationally competitive, industrialized free market economy (Barbieri, 2016). New Zealand has a land area of 268,680 km2, ranking 75th among all countries and regions.
In 2015, New Zealand has a total population of 4.64 million, of which 74% are European descendants, 15% are Maori, 12% are Asian, and 7% are Pacific Islanders. New Zealand's gross domestic product (GDP) in 2015 was US $ 173,754 million, with per capita GDP of US $ 37,340. In 2015, New Zealand’s GNI Per capita was 40,020 dollars (Giorgi and Gambetti, 2017). In 2015, New Zealand's unemployment rate was 5.4%. Inflation in New Zealand in 2015 was 0.3% (Giorgi and Gambetti, 2017). New Zealand's government expenditure was US $ 2939 0million, accounting for 16.91% of its GDP in that year. In 2015, New Zealand's government budget deficit was -285 million US dollars, accounting for - 0.17% of GDP (Countryeconomy, 2017). From 2010 to 2016, due to the instability in the world economic situation caused by European debt crisis, China's economic slowdown, and other factors, it caused a certain degree of impact on the New Zealand economy, the New Zealand government has taken a series of measures to deal with these challenges, and eventually achieved good results to ensure the stable development of the New Zealand economy. This study presents some of the issues in New Zealand's economic development during the period of 2010-2016, and what measures that the New Zealand government has taken to address them, as well as the effects of these measures.

2.0 Main body 正文
2.1 Diminishing marginal effect
Malthus's theory of population growth points out that under the conditions of invariant quantity of land supply and increasing population, quantity of land produced by each additional producer decreases constantly, and the additional output they can provide is reduced (Quintana, 2016). Thus population grows in geometric progression, while the means of subsistence grows only by arithmeti