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航运业能克服它所面临的海盗和恐怖主义的挑战吗？

虽然许多人认为,海盗在今天的航海事业中已经不再盛行，不会对航船运营产生恶劣影响，但是事实证明，海盗正成为一个日益严重的全球性问题。这些范围从小型盗窃到复杂的劫持,虽然发生在全球范围内,但是往往集中在少数有地理限制的运输通道。简单地说，海盗问题的广度和复杂性使得它几乎不可能得到有效的解决。

第一个因素是巨大的航运业的范围。估计有90%的世界贸易是通过航运进行的,超过50000艘船只据称由国家的法律进行相关管理(2004)。关于海盗的信息极少，也没有任何明显的实体警察对海洋进行管理。为了进一步使问题复杂化,海盗类型的行为现在大多发生在恐怖分子之间,这是政治结果或基金业务的一种方式。

Can the shipping industry overcome the challenges it faces with Piracy and Terrorism

Although many think that pirates went out of circulation with sailed ships and swords, piracy is becoming an increasingly serious global problem. These range from small thefts to complex hijacks, and while taking place globally, tend to be concentrated in a few geographically restricted shipping channels. The breadth and complexity of the piracy problem makes it almost impossible to address in simple terms.

The first factor is the enormous scope of the shipping industry. An estimated 90% of world trade moves by sea, in over 50,000ships each supposedly governed by the laws of the nation whose flag it bears (Crawford 2004). There is no one place for information concerning piracy, nor any distinct entity to police the oceans. To further complicate the matter, piracy-type acts are now also committed by terrorists, either for political results or as a way to fund their operations.

This research first undertakes a review of available literature on the piracy issue, including types and motives of piracy attacks, ahistorical and current summary of pirate activity, and a consideration of terrorist attacks on shipping concerns. Two particularly volatile areas of pirate activity are then reviewed, the Malacca Straights in Southeast Asia, and the waters off the coast of Nigeria, Africa. Combining best practise findings from the literature reviewed with these case studies then provides a foundation for recommendations on how the piracy issue can best be addressed, by individual shipping concerns, individual countries, and the international community. Countermeasures will be weighed and analysed on the basis of feasibility.

Of particular focus in this research is addressing some of the underlying factors contributing to the rise in piracy, in addition to defensive and offensive measures. These are typically overlooked in studies of effective countermeasures to the maritime piracy / terrorist problem. It is anticipated that this research will reveal the need to address this complex issue holistically and internationally, with greater unity and coordination than currently exists in the maritime community.

Hypothesis

This study considers piracy as a result of other underlying issues, and considers countermeasures from a prevention rather than combative perspective, although all types of piracy countermeasures are addressed. Specifically, it is anticipated piracy will be found to be heavily influenced by economic, political, and ideological factors. Its further anticipated that a truly effective response to the growing piracy problem in international shipping will include measures to combat the causes of increased piracy, in addition to the pirates ’actions.

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