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关于这个话题，本课题的目的是使读者熟悉养老金和年金的各种类型，可作为退休收入流。它还包括税务效益的养老金和年金，以及伴随着各种类型的概述。About this topicThis topic aims to familiarise the reader with the various typesof pensions and annuities that can be used as income streamsin retirement. It also includes an overview of the taxationbenefits which https://www.51lunwen.org/strategy/ accompany the various types of pensions andannuities.

Learning objectives学习目标

After studying this topic you should be able to: discuss the factors affecting the amount of income requiredin retirement calculate the necessary lump sum at retirement to providethe required annual income describe the government’s transition to retirement policy explain the features and advantages of a transition toretirement income stream the role of the government in providing retirement income understanding the treatment of superannuation incomestreams under the Centrelink assets test and income test

Building a capital base for retirement
Without adequate planning most people will fail to build asufficient capital base to fund their retirement income needs.Surveys conducted by government and financial planninggroups show that the majority of people only consider planningfor their retirement within 5-10 years prior to retirement. Thissignificantly truncates the length of time they are able to amassthe lump sum needed and denies them the benefit of compoundinterest.

How many years will you be in retirement?

In addition to the annual amount of income required, anotherimportant factor in determining the amount of lump sum thatwill be required is how long the individual will live in retirement.In the industry this is known as longevity risk – or the risk ofyour money running out before your do! The longer the lifeexpectancy (and the earlier you retire) the longer retirementsavings have to last, the larger the lump sum required atretirement. While we can use life expectancy tables, these onlyreflect the average a person can be expected to live to, giventheir current age. The tables are devised based on historicalinformation of births and deaths. The average life expectancy isbased on the whole population and, therefore, includesindividuals with health problems, who consume tobacco andalcohol to excess, who have had poor diet, etc. Individuals whodo not have any of these factors could reasonably be expectedto live longer than the average. One interesting factor is thatthe longer a person lives, the longer he or she can expect to livecompared with the average. Look at the life expectancy tablesand calculate the age you can expect to die and compare thiswith the life expectancy of you mother (if you are female) oryour father (if you are male) (assuming that your parent is stillliving). You should note that your expected age at death is lessthan your parents!The real point to this is that perhaps people should factor alonger life expectancy into their retirement planning.Economic and investment return factorsThe effect of inflation, interest rates and earning rates are alsofactors that impact on the amount of funds needed inretirement.When planning retirement incomes, it is important to adjustthem for inflation, thus maintaining the real spending power ofthe income. For example, with inflation running at say 3%, a$40,000 annual income will reduce to an equivalent of around$36,500 in today’s dollars in 3 本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。