“tourism culture” first appeared in “China Encyclopedia: Humanity Geography” (《中国大百科全书•人文地理学》,1984:149) in which it gives the explanation “Tourism and culture are inalienable, and traveling itself is a kind of mass cultural exchange. From the primitive to the modern time culture can become the factor of drawing visitors. Tourists not only absorb the culture in the traveling place, but also bring their own culture to the destination, making the cultural differences between areas getting smaller and smaller. Painting, sculpture, photo and handicraft are the items which visitors like to see; plays, dance, music and films are the evening programmes provided for visitors; while poetry, prose, travel
notes, myth, legends, stories can depict the scenery lifelike”. Though the interpretation of tourism culture is unitary, restricted only in literal and art circle, nevertheless, it generalizes the characteristics of tourism culture from one aspect.
Just as people have different understanding to the definition of culture up to now, there is not at all surprise to the indefinite of the concept of “tourism culture”. What is worth mentioning is that travel itself is a kind of cultural phenomenon, which can best embody a country’s cultural quality. Tourism displays itself fully in China’s social organization, human relations, belief, mythical thinking, religious sentiment, philosophical concept, wizard superstition, production activities, artistic creations as well as folklore in life.
4.3.2. The Contents of Tourism Culture
Tourism culture has complex connotations. Generally, it can be divided into three parts:
Culture of tourist subject; i.e., culture related to thoughts, psychological features and behaviors of tourists, such as culture of tourists’ native countries or areas, tourists’ belief, etc.
Culture of tourist object; i.e., culture related to tourist resources
Culture of tourist media; i.e. culture related to tourist supplies and tourist products, such as culture of tourist management and tourist service, etc.
(王明煊,胡定鹏, 2000:10)
4.3.3. The Characteristics of Tourism Culture
Tourism integrates closely with culture. Chinese tourism culture, which reflects the Chinese nation’s creative spirit is one of the cultural parts, which has the longest history, widest application, biggest folklore function, and strongest folklore feature. Therefore, Chinese tourism is characterized by its distinctive nationality, and this national characteristic is one of the valuable tourism resources.
In addition to the basic national characteristic, tourism culture still represents itself in the following aspects:(1)The unity of cultural difference and cultural identity. Culture difference is one of the basic requirements of forming and developing tourism. On one hand, creating unique cultural touring products should be looked to as the standard, on the other hand, cultural difference turns out barrier in communication. When the cultural difference becomes too big that it is hard to communicate between tourists and tourist scenery, the appealing of the touring destination will be greatly reduced. Factually it has done harm to tourism instead of prompting it. (2)Popularity. Traveling is a popular activity, therefore demands of the majority of tourists should be taken into full consideration. (3)Bi-polar diffusion. On one hand, source culture of tourists will spread into host country via tourists. On the other, the latter will do the same with the forme
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