摘要:这是一篇食品安全的形势的留学生assignment,本文回顾了印度2010年的粮食安全形势与前景。紧随其后的是对有助于粮食安全的五个关键因素的评估。然后讨论了在这种背景下的印度粮食政策和方针选择,之后基于三个指标使用经济研究服务 (ERS)食品安全评估模型,对印度当前的状况进行了评估:即现状的差距;营养差距;以及分配差距。
districts with higher yield potential and large yield gaps
National Food Security Mission-Rice
Districts Covering more than 50,000 ha area under rice
The productivity is less than the State average productivity.
National Food Security Mission-Wheat
Districts with sizeable area under wheat
Districts having irrigation to a great extent
The productivity is less than national/state average.
National Food Security Mission- Pulses
The districts selected based on potential for area expansion through inter-cropping / fallow land.
District Level Action Plans
The annual action plan to be prepared by District Food Security Mission Executive Committee (DFSMEC) headed by Collector
A baseline survey to be conducted by District agency to record current levels of production.
The annual action plan for the district to be based on potential and available technology.
State level action plan to be prepared based on district level action plan.
DFSMEC to identify new initiative other than approved interventions as per needs and requirement of agro climatic conditions
For selection of beneficiaries Panchayat Raj institutions to be associated at village level
Training of Farmers
Location and the list of beneficiaries for Farmers' Field School to be approved by DFSMEC.
There will be a season long training of the farmers in their fields once in a week.
Demonstration plots/fields of the programme will be used as training points in FFS.
There will be one FFS for every 1000 ha of area. Two Facilitators from Government of India and ICAR Institutes will run each FFS.
The number of farmers will be limited to 30 only for each FFS.
BUSINESS IMPLICATIONS
Government intends to move towards a nutrient based subsidy regime instead of the current product pricing regime. It will lead to availability of complex fertilizers in the market at reasonable prices.
Capital Expenditure, other than expenditure on land, goodwill and financial investments on Cold storage will be tax deductible.
CHALLENGES AHEAD
Minimum Support Price.
Input Subsidies.
Issue Price.
Market Demand.
Quality of PDS.
Food Availability: Domestic Production and Food Aid
Food security is conventionally viewed in terms of three components, food availability, and food access and food utilisation. Food availability is the sum of domestic production, imports (both commercial and food aid) and changes in national stock. Food access is a measure of people's entitlement to food, which is the amount they can either produce (net of feed, seed and losses), purchase or
Otherwise receive (e.g. through public food distribution systems). Food utilisation relates to the capacity of an individual to absorb and utilise the nutrients in the food she consumes, and is determined by practices, beliefs, eating habits, hygiene, sanitation and health. Forty or fifty years ago, food availability issues tended to dominate the discussion, but, largely following the work of Amartya Sen. on famines, the debate is now characterised more by en
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