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rn translation study in the 1950s, but the study of translatology in China was still limited to language shift. As one of the main branches in linguistics, further research on phonetics may trigger a deeper study in translation, such as studies in voice, syntax and semantics.

As a teacher of English, the author finds that most of students lack basic knowledge of phonetics in the English teaching process, which makes them hard to master the skills of word memory. Most importantly, basic knowledge of phonetics is a prerequisite for English learners to memorize words and command the skills of English pronunciation.

With the growing concerns about phonetics, people are keen to get to the bottom of it. The author is given the book Vowels and Consonants by her supervisor Ms. Chen Ying to be acquainted with the knowledge of phonetics. With its accompanying CD, the book is suitable for learners who want to learn about the sounds of languages. It has sixteen chapters in total. And the author has finished the translation of Vowels and Consonants (excerpts) with Chinese words reaching over thirty thousand. With the length limits, this report takes the first seven chapters as the source text, namely Chapter One: Sounds and Languages, Chapter Two: Pitch and Loudness, Chapter Three: Vowel Contrasts, Chapter Four: The Sounds of Vowels, Chapter Five: Charting Vowels, Chapter Six: The Sounds of Consonants and Chapter Seven: Acoustic Components of Speech. 

2.2 Characteristics of Informative Texts  

Vowels and Consonants belongs to informative text, which concentrates on text’s authenticity and readability, and prefers meaning equivalence to formal equivalence in E-C translation. The characteristics of the source text are as follows:

 In terms of lexical level, plenty of terminologies on phonetics are presented in the source text such as pitch, tune, tone, intonation, formant, etc. There are even some vocal organs, such as vocal tract, vocal fold, velar, laryngeal cavity and so on. Nouns are widely used in this book. Most importantly, the source text contains abundant numbers such as 2,000 (Hz), 48(%) and 80 (times), which make the text more scientific. 

In terms of syntactic level, the source text is full of compound sentences guided by that, which, how and what to show high coherence and compact of the text. Nida claims the most dominant difference between English and Chinese is that English features hypotaxis while Chinese features parataxis (2004). However, parataxis, which focuses on implicit cohesion, means the arranging of clauses without distinct connectives. Logical relations among paragraphs and lines can be found in Vowels and Consonants while they exist between meanings and contexts in Chinese. Moreover, the most apparent feature of the source text is the usage of parenthetical statements that is important for the supplementary of the words or phrases before them. 

Chapter Three Process Description ................................. 7

3.1 Pre-Translation Preparations ........................... 7

3.1.1 Theoretical preparations ............................... 7

3.1.2 Practical preparations ................................. 9

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