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本文是一篇英语论文格式，在语言维上，笔者通过词性转换、拆译、语态变换、词序调整、重复等翻译技巧，对原文语言形式进行适应性选择转换。在文化维上，笔者采用归化、异化、直译、意译的翻译策略与翻译方法，传递文化内涵。在交际维上，笔者通过聚焦于原文本中的情感态度以及对原文信息的增译，确保原文的交际意图在译文中得以体现。

Chapter One Task Description

1.1 Task Background

After the Industrial Revolution,science and technology have upgraded at a fastpace,promoting the development and reform of human society.China has beenputting scientific and technological innovation at the top of the agenda since 1949.It’sa universally known truth that huge advance in science demands concerted efforts ofscientists worldwide.And China takes the initiative to cooperate with other countriesin the world all the time in science and technology.More and more scientificcooperation and information exchange between China and America,the world’s twoinnovative leading roles,becomes a growing trend.But in recent years,the Sino-USrelations have hit rock bottom,which greatly impacts their scientific cooperation.Therefore,it becomes an increasing interest for the Chinese to learn how to addressproblems in global scientific cooperation caused by politics.

Besides,there are dire needs of international scientific collaboration experiencefor Chinese scientists.With the rapid development of globalization,internationalscientific community has become an inevitable inclination.Chinese scientists gainmore and more chances to work with scientists from all over the world.However,they could encounter some obstacles,raised by the differentiations of culture,language,society,policy,etc.Therefore,it’s particularly important for them to haveenough international scientific collaboration experience and have the ability to handleall those troubles.

1.2 Objective of the Translation Task

The purposes of the translation task are to provide a high-quality translation ofthe source text and improve the author’s translation ability.

On the one hand,the author expects to provide a fluent,accurate,and readabletranslation of the source text for the target readers under the guidance ofEco-translatology.She wishes that the Chinese readers can get the same readingexperience as the intended readers of the source text.

On the other hand,the author hopes to enhance her translation skills by drawinglessons from experience of this translation task.The source text involves manyhistorical figures and events,as well as some scientific knowledge.Furthermore,italso contains quite a few complex sentences and ambiguous words.It could be a greatchallenge for the translator.Therefore,the author believes that she would enhance hertranslation ability by the translation task.

Chapter Two Process Description

2.1 Translation Preparation

As the saying goes:“well begun is half done.”Translation preparationdetermines the quality of the target text to some degree.After receiving the translationtask,the author looks up the basic information of the book online,such as its maincontent,the writer,and background information.Then,the author has read the bookcarefully and thoroughly three times to grasp it comprehensively.During the readingprocess,the author also analyzes the structure,and the linguistic and stylistic featuresof the source text.Finally,the author chooses the guidance theory for the translationtask on the basis of the text analysis.

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