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y the remains could bring peace to them. If they were cremated, their body would be destroyed and could not continue their next life through reincarnation. And in western countries, superstitions also exist. A latest survey shows that 53% Americans admit they are a little bit superstitious and 25% Americans confess they believe in superstitions. Superstitions are also prevailing in British society. 80% British will habitually knock wood in order to avoid misfortune. Ghost superstitions cause negative social phenomenon. Revealing these foolish superstitions through ghost culture research, we can turn negative to positive.
 
3. Ghost concept in Chinese and western
 
There are many great differences between Chinese and western culture, which can be reflected obviously by the different ghost concepts and different attitudes toward death. Generally speaking, people in western societies are more attracted toward the world after death than people inChinabecause of different ghost concepts and different religious doctrines. form all kinds of ghost stories to realistic physics encounter, form the ghost images in the popular Vampire Diary to the public place of entertainment named haunted house, from the ghost legends to popular horror novels, form from Halloween to the ghost costume party, all of those show the mystery of the ghosts, which attracts people of different ages, knowledge levels and social statuses. People think that their thoughts and feelings are not physical behavior but behavior of the soul in their body and disappear after their death. In Engels's opinion, the reason why people think like that is that human of high antiquity do not know their physical structure and they are influenced by the scene in their dream. (qtd. in 汪纷玲173). In remote antiquity, people began to think about the relationship between the soul and the world: now that souls exist even after death, they will not disappear by themselves. Then the idea of immortal souls and ghosts gradually forms. Ghost is a fruit bared by human thoughts. There must be some relationship between the mysterious ghost phenomenon and human society (John Fiske 6). That is to say, ghost is a mirror that reflects human world. Once the concept of ghost exists, it will permeate into people’s thoughts and influence their view of world (汪纷玲 169). In addition, ghosts involve in many other parts of culture. Just as Xu Hualong mentioned that ghost was related to many academic circles such as literature, folk-custom, art, philosophy, psychology and religion (徐华龙 1). Hence, research in ghost culture provides a good foundation for research of literature and folk-custom (qtd. in 冯立32). So what’s the meaning of ghost? What’s the moral images and meaning in Chinese and western literature? What’s the relationship between those ghosts and human being? What’re the characters of ghost in religion in Chinese and western folk-customs? This paper will illustrate these questions.
 
3.1 Ghost concept in Chinese
 
From abroad sense, Chinese ghosts can refer to the soul of universe such as demon, fairy, monster and so on. From the narrow sense, it means the existence after people’s death. Chinese ghost can be a neither good nor evil soul into the body after people die; can be the entities with soul; can be zombie; can be ancestors’ spirit people worship. In Now Chinese dictionary, ghost has seven meanings. Apart from th本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。