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through the French defenses north of the Maginot Line, and strong columns of their armored vehicles are ravaging the open country, which for the first day or two was without defenders. They have penetrated deeply and spread alarm and confusion in their track."
 
STEVE EMBER: Churchill would prove to be strong and brave in the long months ahead.
 
The British would need strong leadership.
 
Hitler wasted no time in launching a fierce air attack on Britain. Throughout the summer, German and British planes fought above the English Channel.
 
All this military action had an important effect on American popular opinion. War and neutrality were no longer just ideas to be discussed and debated. Now they were real concerns, real events. Fascist troops led by a dictator in Berlin were defeating one friendly democracy after another. And Soviet forces were on the march, too.
 
Most Americans still wanted neutrality. But how long could America remain at peace? And was peace worth the cost of just sitting by and watching friends like France and Britain being bombed and invaded?
 
Other issues melted away as Americans began to consider what to do about the darkening world situation.
 
Some Americans, led by newspaper publisher William Allen White, called for the United States to help Britain immediately. But other groups, like the America First Committee, demanded that the United States stay out of another bloody European conflict.
 
The struggle between those who wanted to help Britain and those who wanted to remain neutral did not follow traditional party lines.

Some of the strongest supporters of Roosevelt's foreign policies were Republicans. Some members of his own Democratic Party opposed his policies.
 
Even so, foreign policy was one of the main issues in the presidential election campaign of nineteen forty. The Democrats once again nominated Franklin Roosevelt for president.
 
The Republicans had several popular candidates who were interested in campaigning against Roosevelt. At first, it seemed that these candidates would fight it out in a bitter nominating convention in Philadelphia. But to everyone's surprise, a little-known candidate named Wendell Willkie suddenly gained a great deal of support and won the nomination.

WENDELL WILKIE: "...building of an adequate defense, so that no dictator, however strong, may seek the strife or the unity of our people. We're calling America again to its great tradition of progress. I pledge myself to you, and I ask each of you to join with me in this great crusade."
 
STEVE EMBER: Willkie was a tough candidate. He was friendly, a good businessman, and a strong speaker. He seemed honest.

And he seemed to understand foreign policy. Most importantly, Willkie had a progressive record on many social issues.
 
He was not the kind of traditional conservative Republican that Roosevelt had defeated so easily in his first two campaigns.
 
Instead, Willkie could claim to represent the average American just as well as Roosevelt. And he offered the excitement of a change in leadership.

(SOUND)
 
STEVE EMBER: While Roosevelt and Willkie began their campaign battles with words, German and British planes were fighting real battles with bullets over the English Channel. Winston Churchill sent a desperate message to Roosevelt. The British 本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。