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留学生Fdi相关的Economics Essay [2]

论文作者:英语论文论文属性:课程作业 Coursework登出时间:2014-09-13编辑:yangcheng点击率:15447

论文字数:5427论文编号:org201409101249511309语种:英语 English地区:印度价格:免费论文

关键词:印度零售业Economics EssayFdi In Indian外国直接投资

摘要:本文是一篇留学生FDI相关的论文,印度经济在经历了全球化和自由化之后, 不同行业的转型、产业政策、服务部门等发展了势头,印度的经济政策——1991年首次提出零售改革,他们允许外国直接投资(FDI)。

the world is now wearing new clothes. Retail market is the largest industry in India accounting for ? 35% of GDP, estimated US $470 billion in 2011 and is expected to grow US $675 billion by 2016 with a CAGR [1] of 7.5% (Nangia, Technopack Research-2011).As per international management consultancy AT Kearney, recently India is identified as the “Second most attractive retail destination” globally among 30 emergent markets (Guruswami et al). This is the reason that Indian retail market has became the hottest deal for many foreign players like IKEA [2] , Inditex [3] , Walmart [4] , TESCO [5] , Carrefour [6] & Metro [7] etc. .

Indian retail industry is divided into organized and unorganized sectors. Needless to say, the Indian retail sector is dominated by the unorganized retailing with a share of approximately 96% as compared to a share of mere 4% (approx.) of organized retailing in the total Indian retail pie.

According to analysts, there is a lucrative opportunity for foreign players to enter the attractive Indian retail market. However, the government policies towards FDI (retail) were the only factor hindering the foreign players to flourish in the highly emerging Indian retail landscape. But now with the consolidated and amended FDI policy for retail sector, interested foreign retailers can open stores with their own brand in India (subject to certain conditions).

History & Current Status Of FDI In Indian Retail

FDI as defined in Dictionary of Economics is – “investment in a foreign country through the acquisition of a local company or the establishment thereof and operation on a new site”. In simple words, FDI refers to capital inflows from abroad that is invested in or to enhance the production capacity of the economy.

Till 2006, FDI in both single and multi-brand retail trading was not allowed as per the policies of Indian government.

It’s for the first time in Feb 2006, the Indian government decided to open up its retail sector to FDI. Subject to certain conditions, Indian government permitted up to 51% FDI in single brand retailing. This policy was made effective by a press note dated 10th Feb 2006, issued by the Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion (DIPP) of Government of India.

As per the consolidated FDI policy, the Cabinet of India, in November 2011 decided to permit up to 100% FDI in single brand retail and up to 51% FDI in multi-brand retail trading which produced a considerable political backlash in India. Consequently the Indian government (UPA) indefinitely suspended plans to reform the Indian retail sector.

But when it was found that the political backlash was due to the issue of 51% FDI in multi-brand retail trade only, the Cabinet decided to bring in force the 100% FDI decision in single brand retail trade. On 10th January 2012, by a press note the Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion (DIPP) of Government of India notified the Cabinet’s decision to permit up to 100% FDI in single brand retail, subject to prior approval of Foreign Investment Promotion Board (FIPB) of India and certain other conditions.

After a long political turbulence the Cabinet on 14th September 2012 (Friday) decided to operationalise 51 percent FDI in multi-brand retail but left it to the state governments to allow setting up of such stores.

Regarding the political consensus, t论文英语论文网提供整理,提供论文代写英语论文代写代写论文代写英语论文代写留学生论文代写英文论文留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。
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