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Abstract Thomas Hardy was a famous critical realistic writer at the turn of the 19th century in England; Tess of the D’Urbervilles is the most influential one of all his works. This novel describes a tragic life about one beautiful and pure girl after disgrace. The article describes the society environment, then begins to analysis of characters’ personality and religion factors open out at that time. Tess’s tragic life is caused by that society and it’s the result of that time. Except this, it can’t be separated from her own weakness in character, because she obviously has the dual nature of the society character---resistance and compromise. As a common person, Tess fought with the society helplessly. In the end, she turned out to be the sacrificial victim of society like all other things which disobey the morality and ethic. 摘　要托马斯．哈代是19世纪英国著名的批判现实主义作家，《德伯家的苔丝》是他最为有影响力的一部巨著。该小说主要讲述了一个美丽纯真的少女失身后悲惨的命运。文章通过对小说中社会环境的描写，再从人物性格和当时的宗教原因着手，由此揭露出苔丝悲惨的命运是那个社会所造成的，是一个时代思想，传统，秩序的局限所造成的结果。除此之外,这与她自身性格的弱点也是分不开的，因为她对命运有着反抗的一面也有妥协的一面。所以，作为普通人的苔丝与当时社会的抗争是无助的，最终会像所有一切与道德伦理相悖的事物一样，被沦为社会的牺牲品。 Introduction Tess of the d’Urbervilles can be regarded as one of the greatest tragedies in prose in the history of English literature. Though Hardy mainly writes about the common country people in Wessex, southwestern part of England, he shows grandeur and dignity in his tragedies similar to what we find in Greek tragedy and his grave and elaborate style contributes to the tragic sense of life. Hardy is remarkable for his tremendous power of producing tragedies comparable to classic tragedies. Tess was a poor peasant girl who wanted to rely on her hands to pursuit individual happiness right, but the power forces of society can’t letting off a weak girl, in the end caused her tragedy. In this novel, the great intense counter- religion, ant feudal moral, counter- bourgeoisie law tendency，although meet opposition in the English upper society, received loving of the common readers. Research this novel can let us know the view of morality and ethic in the hypocritical bourgeoisie in the Britain's Victorian era, Tess’s tragedy is due to the moral root of society and the stable view of women chastity in the society which male is center. In sharp opposition this view when Hardy guiding Tess’s behave of mind, the critique spear point refers society and Christian church which protect this view. We are feeling that imaging put writer’s discussion in the Britain's Victorian era more than one hundred years ago , we amazing the avant-garde mind of Hardy, he melted this kind of mind at times when he create Tess this character, from that only then entrusts with this image richer connotation and the more profound social critique. This book became the one of the most great works in the late of Victorian era, because it boldly expose hypocritical moral in the Capitalist society and condemned the Capitalism in the late 19th century caused impoverishment and decay of small farmers in rural England . I. Introduction of Thomas Hardy Thomas Hardy, (1840---1928), one of the representatives of English critical realism at the turn of the 19th century, he was also a poet; He is famous for novels of character and Environment. His birthplace was in a country which named Egdon in the Westland; this natural environment formed the main environment in the Hardy’s writes. His father was a stonecutter, but like music, his parents paid more attention on Hardy’s education. In his c