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本文的重点是养老金和退休金制度与提供退休收入的相对贫困线之间的关系。正如在最近的世界银行的标准来评估一个国家的退休收入体系是适宜的，足够的系统应该提供全方位的入口足以防止老年贫困效益。根据养老金目前提供澳大利亚的退休收入体系的基础，在未来的许多年可能会一直继续沿用。A major focus of this paper is on the role of both the AgePension and the superannuation system in the provision ofretirement income relative to the poverty line.As noted in recent World Bank criteria for assessing theappropriateness of a nation’s retirement income system, anadequate system should provide benefits to the full breadth ofthe population sufficient to prevent old age poverty.https://www.51lunwen.org/financeandaccounting/ The Age Pension currently provides the foundation forAustralia’s retirement income system and this is likely tocontinue for many years into the future. It forms a key part ofthe so-called ‘three pillar’ model for provision of retirementincome.POvERTy AMONGST THE AGED IN AuSTRALIAWhile poverty is both an absolute and relative concept varyingboth over time and between countries, contemporary povertyfor the aged in a developed country such as Australia usuallyhas more to do with drabness of life and social isolation thanhomelessness or starvation.Poverty can be measured using a variety of benchmarks.These include measuring the level of income or expenditurerelative to benchmarks for general community living standards.This concept of poverty is one of relative socio-economicdisadvantage, with the poverty threshold a function of thedistribution of income in the community.usually the benchmark adopted is that poverty exists whenincome is below 50 per cent of the median income of thecountry concerned (median income is the income level atwhich half the population have an income above that level,and half below). In addition to this median income benchmark,Australia also makes use of what is known as the Hendersonpoverty line which had its genesis in academic research andwhich has been updated on a regular basis.THE AGE PENSION RELATIvE TO THE POvERTy LINEIn setting the level of the Age Pension, governments in Australiahave always taken into account the absolute needs of the aged,particularly in terms of what is needed to avoid the incidence ofpoverty.In the June quarter 2008, the updated Henderson povertymeasure provided a poverty line of $436.80 per week for apensioner couple. This compared to Age Pension payments(including rent allowance of $50.50 per week) of $507.30. Fora single Age Pensioner, the poverty line was $308.35 a weekcompared to the basic Age Pension of $273.40 a week plus rentallowance of $53.60 for those eligible.Accordingly, the Henderson poverty line suggests a pensionercouple without other income is just above the poverty line,while for a single person the situation is more problematicdepending on housing costs and receipt of rent assistance.Accordingly a retiree can move from just over the poverty lineto being below it if their partner dies.Comparisons of the Age Pension with the often used povertybenchmark of 50 per cent of median income present a similarpicture. As the median income lies substantially belowaverage male weekly earnings, an Age Pension based on 25per cent of average male earnings just exceeds this povertybenchmark. Depending on the data source, date of the studyand the methodology used, estimates of the incidence ofpoverty amongst those aged 65 and over range from 5 per centupwards.ADEQuACy OF THE AGE PENSIONSocial justice and political reality require the Age Pensionto be set at a level that alleviates poverty amongst the aged.Essential本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。