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requires students to usediscourse in macro structure and in micro details. They can grasp the characteristics ofcohesion and coherence by using the context. And it is normal for them to write some suitabletypes of passages and some proper discourse passages with standard textual patterns. It is noteasy to reach such high standard goals in our traditional reading classes. However, by theapplication of discourse analysis, the teachers can help students catch some regularities of thediscourse gradually so that they will develop their ability of discourse analysis. So it isnecessary to introduce a new method into our teaching, which is discourse analysis.
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Chapter II Literature Review

2.1 Definition of Discourse
Discourse linguistics has become an independent branch of linguistics in the last century60th. Discourse is also called text by some researchers. But there are some researchers whoare trying to differentiate discourse from the text. They often use the written text and spokendiscourse to make a distinction between them. Professor Wang Zongyan thought that text hasthe same meaning as discourse (Wang Zongyan, 1988). From his view, there are not obviousdifferences between discourse and text. In this thesis, the author does not make differencesbetween discourse and text.Discourse is widely used in our linguistic studies. As a linguistic term, there is not anagreement on the definition of discourse. The definition in Long Dictionary of Language﹠Applied Linguistics is “ discourse is a general term for examples of language use, i.e.,Language which has been produced as the result of an act of communication” (Richards et al,2005:207). It tells us that discourse is not only used in language, but also plays an importantrole in communication. People have different ideas about the definition of discourse fromdifferent perspectives. The following are some of the definitions.
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2.2 DiscourseAnalysis at Home and Abroad
As for discourse analysis, this concept was first used by American linguist Harris in 1952.Discourse analysis is to do macro and micro researches on the discourse which is whollymeaningful. It is through the analysis of the meaning of words and the relationships ofsentences to recognize the discourse cohesion in micro researches. In macro researches, it isthrough the analysis of the whole structure to understand the deep meaning of the discourse. Itis not only related to the language itself, but also the context of communication, such as thepeople who are involved in the conversation, their relationship, the situation, and the functionand so on. The use of discourse analysis develops from the research on the discourse.Different researchers also have different definitions with different ideas.According to Widdowson, discourse analysis studies the use of sentences incommunication to act the social behavior. Its focus is the communicative function of language(Widdowson, 1978). Stubbs (1983) states that discourse analysis mainly refers to thelinguistic analysis of naturally occurring connected spoken or written discourse. Roughlyspeaking, it refers to doing researches on larger linguistic units, such as written texts (MichaelStubbs, 1983:1). Brown and Yule (1983) think that discourse analysis concentrates onexplaining how to use language in communication. Cook (1989) claims that a discourse is acoherent stretch of language, while discourse本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。