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论文作者:www.51lunwen.org论文属性:硕士毕业论文 dissertation登出时间:2014-09-02编辑:felicia点击率:34943
论文字数:17834论文编号:org201409020748067068语种:英语 English地区:中国价格:免费论文
关键词:操作风险风险损失置信水平Operational riskinternal processes
摘要:本文是一篇风险管理留学范文。操作风险被定义为“内部流程、人员和系统的配备操作不足或外部事件不完善所造成的风险损失或失败。在过去的二十年里,金融市场中普遍存在的无能和欺诈已经造成了大规模的金融失败,如巴林银行、大和证券、爱尔兰联合银行、奥兰治县、安然公司,以及其他的人为和自然灾害,如“9·11事变”、“安德鲁和卡特里娜飓风”。因此,操作风险已经被认为比信贷危机和市场风险更为重要。
In banking, the functional units such as branches are widely spread, especially in Indian Public Sector banking. On the top of this, there may be various layers in the bank such as Regional Authorities/Zonal Authorities, besides the Head Quarters (Luhmann 2002). Often major incidents such as frauds are also required to be reported to regulatory authorities immediately on occurrence/detection of any event of loss/potential loss.
Therefore, reporting of operational risk in banking needs to be compact and the reporting machinery is required to be so organized that reliability, accuracy, coupled with speed and consistently, is maintained on an ongoing basis. Technology is to be the key driver in the entire reporting system.
In this research, I have discussed the concepts of risk mapping and KRIs in operational risk management. I have examined the main objectives of these tools and proposed a general methodology to map operational risks to business activities and to select KRIs. I have shown how to apply the methodology to two specific, albeit rather stylized, business cases.
As automation and complexity in banking operations reach new heights, risk mapping is bound to take a central role both in business and in risk management. With the recent increase in scrutiny and pressure for tightening controls coming from regulators and legislators alike, the need for understanding, documenting and monitoring banking activities is becoming a major concern at top management level and is not anymore an exclusive endeavour for auditors and operations managers. Amongst all the control tools available to managers, KRIs have one clear advantage, if properly selected and interpreted: they are forward looking. They ideally complement statistical models, with their sophisticated analysis of past information, through a snapshot, imperfect and error-prone as it may be, of what might happen in the immediate future.
In activities where timing is always tight, consequences are swift and unforgiving, and where complexity often clouds the real mechanics of events, monitoring a set of well-identified KRIs can substantially enhance the effectiveness of risk management and substantially reduce operational exposures. A systematic, factor-driven analysis of processes, going from risk factors through failure and consequences of failures can help identify the most important indicators almost as a by-product of risk mapping.
Furthermore, a more holistic view of processes and risks can be achieved by considering a structured set of indicators as a means of drawing an overall picture of operational risk exposures. This bank-wide analysis can be implemented through the construction of an operational risk scorecard, summarizing, aggregating and reporting KRIs by business activity and risk category.
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