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packing by the sellers•
在合同中,单词shall”不仅表示将来时,而且表达了每一方的职责与义务,常具有“must”的强制意味。
7. 更多地使用成对的同义词。例如:
(1) This Agreement and any rights or obligation hereunder are not transferable or assignable by one party to this agreement without the consent of the other party here to•
(2) This contract is made by and between the Buyers and the Sellers, whereby the buyers agree to buy and the Sellers agree to sell the under—mentioned commodity according to the terms and conditions stipulated below•
8. 适宜地使用被动语态和主动语态。如:
(1) Party A hereby appoints Party B as its exclusive sales agent in Changsha•(active voice)
(2) Party B is hereby appointed by Party A as its exclusive sales agent in Changsha•(passive voice)
但有时使用被动语态比使用主动语态更好。如:
(3) The Buyers 'Shipping Agency, China National Foreign Trade Transportation Corporation, Beijing, China (cable address: * * * * Beijing) will attend to booking of shipping space. (active voice)
(4) Booking of shipping space shall be attended to by the Buyers ' Shipping Agency, China National Foreign Trade Transportation Corporation, Beijing China (cable address: **** Beijing) (passive voice)
比较以上四个句子,我们便发现句子(1) (4)分别比句子(2) (3)好。
9. 较少地使用间接表达,更多地使用直接表达。如:
(1) This article does not apply to bondholders who have not been paid in full.
(2) This article applies only to bondholder who have been paid in full.
比较以上两个句子,我们便发现用直接表达写的句子
(2)比用间接表达写的句(1)更清楚而没有拐弯抹角。
10.频繁地使用一些特定的表达,其中主要的一个是“whereas”。用在介绍背景的开场白中和表达签合同的意向时“whereas”是个关联词。如:
(1) Whereas the contractor is desirous to provide the manpower for the works•
(2) Whereas Party A agrees to sell to Party B the products, the steel wire rope, in compensation of the price of Party B’s machines and equipment.
此外,在证明方面还有许多特定的数量表达法。如:
(1) In Duplicat or2-Fold　(一式两份)
(2) In Triplicate or3-Fold　(一式三份)
(3) In Quadruplicate or4-Fold　(一式四份)
(4) In Quintuplicate or5-Fold　(一式五份)
(5) In Sextuplicate or6-Fold　(一式六份)
(6) In Septuplicate use of or7-Fold　(一式七份)
(7) In Octuplicate or8-Fold　(一式八份)
(8) In Nonujplicate or9-Fold　(一式九份)
(9) In Decuplicate or10-Fold　(一式十份)
11.频繁地使用多体词。如confirm (confirmation), accept (acceptance), collect (collection)。
(1) We have added our confirmation (保兑) on the credit and engage that documents presented to us in full compliance with the terms and conditions of the credit will be duly honored.
(2) The fall set of shipping documents shall accompany the collection (托收) draft and only be released after full payment of the invoice value.
(3) We hereby engage with drawers and/or bone fide holders that draftdrawn in conformity with the terms of this credit will duly accepted (承兑) on presentation and duly honored at maturity.
在商务英语写作中一个非常普遍的现象是多体词的运用,这些词能频繁地改变意思,所以其准确的意思必需依赖于句子的上下文。
12.频繁地使用非真实条件句并不断地改变句子结构。如: in case of, only if, only after, provided, unless, if, in view of, on condition that, provi