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very old. From the documental evidences it can be concluded that CSR begin in 1950's and the writing was published in US, but it is believed that CSR had its roots throughout the world. Initially people find it useless and they gave negative views for CSR, but soon another group of thinkers gave arguments in favour of CSR. The first and oldest school of though that was led by Milton Friedman was against CSR and suggested that firms should solely focus toward profit maximisation. By making investment for CSR, firm actually makes misallocation of their resources which could be used for more value-added activities like making investment in internal project or providing return to share holders.

On the other side another thinkers had a view that by adoption of CSR, firm can further enhance their degree of satisfaction of their stakeholders. This will result into potential benefit as other which develops due to claims of stakeholders can be reduced down. The issue that where the CRS is beneficial for financial prospective of a company or not is still controversial.

The modern era of CRS begin after publishing of 'Social Responsibilities of the Businessman' by Howard R. Bowen in 1950s. Because of him immense work in the field of CSR, he was regarded as 'Father of Corporate Social Responsibility' (Carroll, 1999, p. 272). His work focused on the fact that business have obligation regarding society and they should take social values into consideration and should think beyond pure profit. In the era of 1960's, Keith Davis, developed 'Iron Law of Social Responsibility'. The researcher correlated social responsibility along with size of the business. As per Davis, the larger is the impact of business on society, the larger should be the amount of social responsibility (Carroll, 1999, p. 273).

By the end of 1970's the most famous and highly accepted definition of CSR was provided by Archie Carroll. The literature review of this era has gave evidences that business at this phase of time emphasised on corporate philanthropy and relation of business with community (Carroll, 1999, p. 275). The literature of early 1971 indicated that business have multiple interest with its shareholders, employees, supplies, customers, public and government. Within the same era Committee for Economic Development's (CED) published 'Social Responsibility of Business Corporations'. It defined that business has three major responsibilities. At first it should emphasis on economical activities, secondly it should be more aware toward social changes and should take social value into consideration, and finally business should participate in those activities which are aimed for improving the social environment.

The era of 1980s was vital in respect to CSR as many researchers carried out research to investigate the potential benefit for businesses, if they incorporate CSR. Thomas Jones, one of those researchers that made great contribution for bringing major shift in corporate paradigm (Carroll, 1999, p. 291). The research by Philip Cochran and Robert Wood on CSR resulted to development of pyramid of need and they tried to answer to the question that 'where business can be profitable which carryout social responsibilities.'

1990's was the era that emerged out with many new models and further expansion of CSR concept. Corporate Social Performance and corporate citizenship was some of the vital output of his