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However, a growing body of literature has been questioning the impact of WTO among scholars of developing countries particularly in providing equality between developed and developing countries in terms of the trade system. [2] It is argued that the legal provisions in the WTO does not provide the legal opportunities for developing countries to flourish instead, the WTO agreement has further aggravated the legal barriers and restrictions among poorer countries such as Vietnam, Indonesia, the Philippines [3] 

In Vietnam where the people, policy-makers and legal practitioners alike have relied on the perceived benefits of the WTO agreement, the prevailing perception reveals that the WTO is seen to fall short of its promises. Concurrently, this does not only occur in the Vietnam but also in other Third World Countries such as Vietnam, Indonesia, the Philippines.

While the WTO had in some form benefited these countries, the weakness of public international law as well as its inherent lenience on developed countries had made it less effective. This study was conducted in order to determine the extent of legal impediments in the WTO agreement on developing countries.

Review of similar research studies

Several studies have already argued the inherent concern of developing countries in the WTO agreement particularly in the areas of Rules-Based Structure of the WTO, Legal and Political Encroachment, Overregulation and Dispute Settlement. Scholars such as Ismail, Shadlen, Bolbol, Ierley reveals that rules-based approach is problematic because of the differences between legal frameworks between developed and developing countries and the leaning of the public international law on developed countries' framework thereby, leaving developing countries to grapple with the inconsistencies. [4] Consequently, other scholars reviewing the legal and political encroachment of the WTO agreement argued that public international laws are used by developed countries as a means to enforce their will on developing countries. [5] Hence, the result for developing countries is that of laws that are not aligned with domestic laws and disregards the culture and societal values of the developing countries. Furthermore, overregulation had been imposed with the aim of protecting the rights of developed countries but on the other hand, this incurs more cost for developing countries that would need to build on their legal framework in order to cover for all the points considered in the agreement.6 [6] Finally, dispute settlement which is seen to be bias against developing countries serves as one of the barriers to trade specifically when litigation and economic and political sanctions are imposed on developing countries. [7] 

Description of gaps in research literature

Studies on the economic impact of WTO both on developed and developing countries have been abundant including the use of case study in illustrating the benefits of WTO on countries. However, there have been few cross-cultural studies of developing countries that focus on Southeast Asia. Moreover, most of these studies have focused on the impact of WTO in general without specifying the本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。