英语论文网

ntly it has a special place in the study of the location of industrial activity, which showed their tendency to group in space in cluster like industrial parks, small or big cities, etc.

Fran?ois Perroux unbalanced growth theory and developed regional or local theory called the theory of polarized development of growth poles. The theory stems from the fact that development is an unbalanced and hierarchical process; all of that while only certain economic units act as engines of development. These units are designated as poles of economic growth. Growth poles can become certain areas of land or infrastructure.

John Friedmann, Stuart Holland and Gunar Myrdal showed uneven development theories such as center-periphery relationship. It is considered that regional imbalances are based on time differences in the processes of integration, resulting in the imperfect mobility gaps and work - concentrated in the center.

J. Fridmann and W.Stohr founded the theory of endogenous development in response to classical theories.

According to Friedmann's theory, endogenous development has three basic features:

Territorial - space is an important value that facilitates specific operations, the synergies that an enterprise can take advantage of;

Community - development cannot be created outside the local community;

Cultural - Promotion of local resources, endogenous development is based primarily on local resources or local industrial traditions.

P. Nijkamp and J. Paelinick emphasized the long cycles of regional development theory in the '80s. They proposed a model of interregional fluctuations (Hurjui, 2006), in which space is allocated to growth poles, poles of attraction and intermediate regions. Attractiveness of a region depends on its capital, infrastructure, and the stock of information.

According to the analysis done on local and regional development models can be classified into two categories: on one hand the theory aimed at localization (Von Thunen, Weber, Christaller, Losh, Zipf), and on the other hand there are models that how try to identify the determinant factors of local development (Perroux, Myrdal, Holland, Nijkamp).

Location theory models aimed to characterize a region from where it is located, while other models are focused on the theory of growth poles and local resources consumption.

These urban models, which were developed in the twentieth century, progressed from structural models to static models and then to dynamic models. Traditional urban models usually simulate the urban system at a macro level, so they cannot accurately reflect the dynamic, self-organizing, or emerging characteristics of urban systems.

The new urban models are based on the use of the new technologies in all activities in order to improve the quality of work and life, to reduce cost and to improve the efficiency without disturbing the environment.

Analyzing the new urban development models that exist among the world we identified two theories:

One theory is based on analyzing the actual stage of the city and use cellular automata models which demonstrate how simple local transition rules can be used to emulate a complex urban growth. This will help us identify the priority areas starting from one cell to the development of a city;

The seco