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r /> But on the other hand the globalisation affects the American economy negatively. One of the effects is outsourcing, which has result in the loss of American jobs without sufficient remedies to provide workers with further employment opportunities. Frank LaGrotta, wrote on the issue of jobs lost to foreign competition. When a steel company left a property vacant in Pennsylvania, LaGrotta states, 'We found a lamp manufacturer to move into the empty building. The new lamp-makers didn't pay as well as the old steel-makers, but 600 jobs were, well, 600 jobs. I say was because those lamps are now made in China.'

Although the American economy once conquer the world, due to globalised economy of world, but its economy is now suffering from recession and paying the cost of globalisation.

社会文化影响---Socio-Cultural Effects:

Globalisation is brining different cultures and breaking social barriers and in the process creating a mono-culture. The culture of rich, famous and powerful is the new culture of the world. Young boys in Africa wearing American branded t-shirts or MTV culture spreading around the world are some of the examples. Levitt (1983), believed that different cultural preferences and standards, and business institutions are vestiges of the past. According to him some cultural inheritance gradually fade away and the rest expand into global preferences. For example the availability of Chinese food in most of the world countries, pita bread, country and western music, pizza and jazz are few things available worldwide. Over the course of history cultures have influenced each other in numerous ways but never before the cultural synchronisation have been at such an unprecedented rate.

B部分---Part B:

组织文化---Organisational culture:

Dimensions of organisational culture

Deal and Kennedy (1982) acknowledged four key dimensions of culture. According to them organizational culture can be best described by identifying values, heroes, rituals & rites and culture network.

• Values: Values are the beliefs that lie at the heart of the corporate culture.
• Heroes: Heroes are the people who represent values.
• Rites and rituals: These are the customs of interaction that have strong symbolic qualities.
• The culture network: It is the informal communication system or unseen hierarchy of power in the organization (Deal and Kennedy, 1982).

LaGrotta, Frank. 'Outsourcing Contributes to Poverty in America.' At Issue: Does Outsourcing Harm America? Ed. Katherine Read Dunbar. Detroit: Greenhaven Press, 2006.

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