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e issue of major concern regarding curriculum

Researcher tend to agrees with the points raised by Roos, 2006 that education is tool which is used for shaping how we view the world. Education system makes it possible for the entire generation to learn the difference between right and wrong. In every society civic education can help a child to become a responsible citizen of the state; it also helps in making him/her aware of his role in the society and in particular the role of education through schooling, teaching and learning. (Ross, 2006) The researcher subscribes the explanation of (Anyon, 1992) that civilization, common culture, stands of citizenship education is transmitted by system of education. The main role of education is to prepare youngsters to take their responsibilities as effective citizens.

The research is concurred with the fact that, Citizenship education plays an important role in developing motivated and responsible learners in schools, as well as in other educational organizations and society at large. They are all positively related to each other and to the surrounding community. As far as society is concerned, citizenship education helps in the creation of a responsible citizen. It promotes willingness to participate in the life of a nation and helps in playing their part adequately in the democratic process.

According to Marshall, (1998) education is a vital ingredient, for good citizenship. It is also important for good politics and government and for crating social and international harmony. In past major focus was on school , home and church to make youngsters learn loyalty and to perform their duties as responsible citizens and these were considered the main tenants of good citizenship. Today, world is changing, rapidly this adequacy of traditional approach for the preparation of citizenship is questioned and similarly there is an evidence of renewed interest in this topic in the world (McKenzie, H, 1993).

2.2 Concept about Social studies curriculum

The major role of social studies is to prepare the individuals for their future rules and right of majority and minority, personal conduct and responsibilities, respect for law and authorities, understanding the need to participate in decision making and the worth of an individual. Furthermore, the scope of social studies is broader in issues like racism, class consciousness, discrimination, sexism, prejudice and ethnocentrism which are embedded in a multicultural society. The best way to deliver knowledge on such important matters is through a well integrated curriculum. The real challenge faced by the curriculum workers and textbook writers is to present real pictures of materials. An assumption is being taken that in Pakistan more emphasis is on the alignment of historic facts in order to suit and support the political ideologies of the federal power. Whether, this is a reality or not curriculum workers have to find out that.

Preston and Herman( 1981) have explained that there is symbiotic relationship between individual’s world view and his/her values, attitudes and perceptions. Same goes for the character of nations as well.

2.3 Role of citizenship in social studies

In social studies, Citizenship education is considered the core area in the content of curriculum. Therefore, to deliver knowledge, skills