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ry. Consequently affecting the teaching and learning process. Deliberate efforts should be taken to ensure teachers are well motivated, respected and recognized. Unfortunately, unlike other neighboring countries, the study reveal that there is no any kind of incentives offered to teachers to encourage them to work particularly in rural schools where working environment is unattractive. Currently, nothing has been done to make working in rural schools more attractive especially for young and newly qualified teachers. Neither financial (allowance, bonus, subsidy) nor material incentives (study opportunities, gifts, study tours, housing) is offered to attract, retain and motivates qualified teachers to work in remote rural schools. For instance, statistics shows only 20 percent of teachers were provided with houses across the country. Due to this, now days teaching profession is not well recognized and respected as it was before. Now days teaching profession become has last resort profession among the young generation applicants. For instance, some of the teachers have discouraging their children from choosing teaching as their future career.

4.2: Conclusion and Recommendations.

Increase teachers’ and other education employee’s salaries so as to be more attractive to the best school-leavers. This should include the payments of allowances, promotion structure and other fringes benefits - hardship allowances, bonus allowance, and study leave should be offered to teachers working in rural areas as a means to attract qualified teachers to work in remote and peripheral districts.

The government should take deliberate efforts and actions to improve teaching and learning environments in public schools particularly in rural areas where majority of population located. Such measures may include provision of decent accommodation, transport vessels, medical services, and support services (solar energy, water supply). Similarly, the government should train and supply of enough qualified teachers, construction of buildings, provides better resource for good teaching (textbooks, workbooks). All this to make teaching attractive and first option profession among best young school-leavers.

It is deemed that teachers’ hearts are broken due to adverse working environments especially in rural areas. Thus, the government should come up with special program exclusively at improving teachers’ incentives to reinforce their motivation and professional commitment. This will help to motivates teachers to work in remote rural areas and the best school leavers to join the teaching profession. Such mechanisms include recognizing and rewarding teachers, as well as use of the media to profile excellent teachers.

Meanwhile, for the short-term the government may re-consider the formula to allocate teachers in favor of the disadvantaged and peripheral districts with high pupil-teacher ratios including introduction of contract system of employment as a means to ensure remote and rural areas are supplied by trained and qualified teachers.

To accomplish education for all (EFA) government should increase the budget allocation as well as massive investment in education sector. The government should increase budget allocation (public expenditure on education) from 6.2 percent to at least 10 percent of the Gross National Income (GNI). This should be done purposely to mat